International Journal of COPD (Nov 2019)
Clinical Features Of Women With COPD: Sex Differences In A Cross-Sectional Study In Spain (“The ESPIRAL-ES Study”)
Abstract
Juan Antonio Trigueros,1 Juan Antonio Riesco,2,3 Bernardino Alcázar-Navarrete,3,4 Anna Campuzano,5 Joselín Pérez5 1Centro de Salud de Menasalbas, Menasalbas, Toledo E-45128, Spain; 2Pulmonology Department, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres E-10003, Spain; 3Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Cáceres, Spain; 4Pulmonology Department, Hospital de Alta Resolución La Loja, Loja, Granada E-18300, Spain; 5Grupo Ferrer Internacional, Barcelona, SpainCorrespondence: Juan Antonio Trigueros Tel +34 686 329 851Email [email protected]: This cross-sectional multicenter study was performed aimed at describing the clinical characteristics of women with COPD attended in routine daily practice in Spain.Methods and results: Of a total of 1610 consecutive patients diagnosed with COPD recruited in primary care centers and pneumology services throughout Spain over a 90-day period, 17.9% (n=286) were women, with a median age of 62 years. Differences in COPD phenotypes by sex were statistically significant (P = 0.002). Males as compared with females showed a higher prevalence of non-exacerbator (47.9% vs 42.2%) and exacerbator with chronic bronchitis (22.9% vs 18.8%) phenotypes, whereas the ACOS phenotype was more common among females (21.7% vs 12.9%). The mean (SD) CAT score was similar in men than in women (20.8 [9.0] vs 21.2 [8.7], P = 0.481), as well as the impact of the disease on the quality of life according to CAT scores of 20 (high), and >30 (very high). Sex-related differences according to smoking status were statistically significant (P < 0.001), with a higher percentage of men as compared with women in the groups of current smokers and ex-smokers; never-smokers were higher in women (9.1%) than in men (0.6%). The mean number of comorbidities was 2.01 (1.43) (95% CI 1.93–2.09) in males and 1.99 (1.42) (95% CI 1.83–2.16) (P = 0.930) in females, but cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure) were more frequent in men, whereas metabolic disorders (osteoporosis) were more frequent in women.Conclusion: This study highlights the impact of COPD in women and the importance of continuing sex-based research in tobacco-related respiratory diseases.Keywords: pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, chronic bronchitis, phenotype, pulmonary emphysema, quality of life, asthma
