Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Propolis Samples from Different Geographical Regions
Anna Kurek-Górecka,
Şaban Keskin,
Otilia Bobis,
Rafael Felitti,
Michał Górecki,
Michał Otręba,
Jerzy Stojko,
Paweł Olczyk,
Sevgi Kolayli,
Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
Affiliations
Anna Kurek-Górecka
Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Şaban Keskin
Vocational School of Health Services, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11106 Bilecik, Turkey
Otilia Bobis
Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Rafael Felitti
Oral Rehabilitation and Prosthodontics, Private Practice, Felix Olmedo 3716, Montevideo 11700, Uruguay
Michał Górecki
Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Michał Otręba
Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Jerzy Stojko
Department of Toxycology and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Ostrogórska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Paweł Olczyk
Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Kasztanowa 3, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Sevgi Kolayli
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61100 Trabzon, Turkey
Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, St Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Propolis composition depends on several factors. The classification of propolis is based on its geographical location, color and agricultural characteristics. It is also classified according to the flora where the bees collect the resins, which represent the raw material for propolis production. Propolis possesses high antioxidant activity determined by its phenolic compounds. Due to diverse composition and possible impact on human health, eight samples of propolis were evaluated for their phenolic composition and antioxidant activity. Samples of Polish, Romanian, Turkish and Uruguayan origin propolis were used for phenolic spectrum determination using high performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection and in vitro DPPH and ABTS methods were used to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts. PCA and HCA models were applied to evaluate the correlation between isolated polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The results confirmed variability in propolis composition depending on the geographical region of collection and the plant sources, and correlation between chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Results of PCA and HCA analyses confirm that Polish propolis is similar to that from different provinces of Romania, while Turkish and Uruguay are completely different. Polish and Romanian propolis belong to the poplar type. The assessed phenolic compounds of propolis samples used in the study are responsible for its antioxidant effect. The observed antioxidant activity of the analyzed samples may suggest directing subsequent research on prophylactic and therapeutic properties concerning cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and cancerous diseases, which are worth continuing.
