Міжнародні відносини: теоретико-практичні аспекти (May 2020)
STATE AGRARIAN SECTOR SUPPORT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE 1925–2012 ECONOMIC POLICY INTERNATIONAL COORDINATION: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Abstract
The article analyzes the mechanism of implementation of the state agrarian policy in progressing for the period 1995–2012. In countries such as China, Brazil, India and South Africa, in the context of multilateral regulation of world agricultural economic markets, it was possible to identify the specifics of each and the most common ways of adapting state support for agriculture to national obligations to the WTO. The general directions of adjusting the state agrarian policy of the mentioned countries are considered: preservation, basically, on the level of tariff, and somewhere non-tariff protection, with the subsequent transfer of the latter to uniform standards; gradual transition to the least destructive in relation t o the market forms of support for agricultural producers; pulling average PSE and TSE levels in OECD countries to average specific indicators. Accession to the WTO and the adoption of fixed obligations did not slow down the development of the agricultural sector of these countries, which is confirmed, firstly, by the dynamics of gross agricultural production, which accelerated sharply at the stage of the 2000s and outpaced the population growth rate; secondly, an increase in agricultural productivity. It is proved that membership in the WTO does not prevent the search for individual forms of support for agriculture that are tailored to the specifics of a certain period in a particular country, logically stimulating their approach first to the level of desired direct payments, increasing the income of farmers, and then in the green basket, leaving space to “bargain” for favourable conditions for state support for agricultural development within the framework of the Doha round of negotiations.
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