Perovskite single crystals with tin–lead gradient for improved ionization radiation detection
Jie Wu,
Xin Wang,
Yubing Xu,
Yuzhu Pan,
Shunjie Chai,
Jingda Zhao,
Qi Cheng,
Zhiwei Zhao,
Qing Li,
Byung Seong Bae,
Omolola Esther Fayemi,
Jianming Zhou,
Ying Zhu,
Wei Lei
Affiliations
Jie Wu
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Xin Wang
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Yubing Xu
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Yuzhu Pan
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Shunjie Chai
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Jingda Zhao
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Qi Cheng
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Zhiwei Zhao
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Qing Li
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Byung Seong Bae
Department of Electronics and Display Engineering Hoseo University, Hoseo Ro 79, Asan City, Chungnam 31499, Republic of Korea
Omolola Esther Fayemi
Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
Jianming Zhou
E-spectrum Optoelectronic Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215111, China
Ying Zhu
E-xray Electronic Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215131, China
Wei Lei
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
Compared with the pure lead-based MAPbBr3 (MA = CH3NH3) perovskite single crystals (PSCs), tin–lead alloy (MAPbxSn1−xBr3) PSCs with higher carrier mobility and longer carrier lifetime are expected to perform as better-quality ionization radiation detectors. In this work, we design MAPbBr3–MAPb0.9Sn0.1Br3–MAPb0.8Sn0.2Br3 structure detectors by employing solution-process epitaxial growth. Because of the gradient change in tin element proportion, the relatively low mismatch rates between different PSC layers can effectively reduce defects generated at the interface, which improves charge collection efficiency. Moreover, band barriers between different PSC layers form depletion layers due to the differences in band structure, and the high resistivity and built-in electric field of depletion layers can suppress dark current under high voltages. The optimized detector exhibits a high x-ray detection sensitivity of 6.76 × 104 μC Gy−1 cm−2 and the lowest detectable dose rate of 7.4 nGy s−1 under 40 kVp x-ray radiation. Based on 241Am (5.95 MeV) α particle irradiation, tin–lead HD has lower detection noise and more obvious response compared to MAPbBr3 PSCs. The electron mobility was indicated as high as 612 cm2 s−1 V−1, and the mobility-lifetime (μτ) products were measured to be 3.5 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 using the Hecht equation, demonstrating superior transport properties.
