A novel calcimimetic evocalcet for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism with little effect on the gastrointestinal tract and cyp isozymes in vivo and in vitro

Abstract

In the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism of end-stage chronic kidney disease, vitamin D receptor activation and allosteric modulators of the calcium-sensing receptor - inhibit glandular hyperplasia; reduce parathyroid hormone levels, impact on bone turnover and mineral density. Cinacalcet, an oral calcimimetic agent has been widely used for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease. Nevertheless, some patients remain refractory to the treatment, as the dose of cinacalcet cannot be sufficiently increased due to gastrointestinal symptoms and it strong inhibits of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. In order to resolve this issue, was develop a newly synthesized calcimimetic agent, evocalcet (MT-4580/KHK7580). In a rat model of chronic kidney disease induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, and in multicenter, open-label study phase 3, and in clinical practice oral administration of evocalcet efficiently suppressed the secretion of parathyroid hormone. Evocalcet also demonstrated the less induction of emesis and gastro-intestinal effects, and its pharmacological effects were observed at lower doses because of its higher bioavailability than cinacalcet. In addition, evocalcet showed no substantial direct inhibition of any CYP isozymes in in vitro. These findings suggest that evocalcet can be a better alternative to cinacalcet with a wider safety margin.

Keywords

• secondary hyperparathyroidism
• chronic kidney disease
• parathyroid hormone
• calcimimetic
• cinacalcet
• etelcalcetide
• evocalcet