Зерновое хозяйство России (May 2018)
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECT ON YIELD STABILITY OF EARLIER CULTIVATED RICE VARIETIES IN KRASNODAR KRAI
Abstract
In the article gives an analysis of climate change effect on yield stability of earlier cultivated rice varieties in Krasnodar Krai. The zone with moderate climate, which is characteristic for Krasnodar Krai, has periodic changes of temperatures to ‘warming’ or ‘cooling (cold snap)’ during rice vegetation. Therefore a variety developed in one of these periods, matches the environmental conditions and gives an optimal yield and stability of economically valuable traits. But a long period of ‘warming’ results in domination of early maturity of the crop together with productivity reduce and worsening of economic traits of rice. The effect was shown on varieties ‘Dubovsky129’, ‘Krasnodarsky424’, Spalchik’, ‘Liman’, developed and grown during various periods of climate change. All mentioned varieties were adapted to climatic conditions, in which selection and study of their initial forms during selection were made. But the climate change to ‘warming’ resulted in reduce of their vegetation time, decrease of 1000 seeds weight, worsening of grain qualitative characteristics and reduce of their productivity. The varieties were subjected to strong infection of rice blast disease (Piricularia grisea). It was necessary to change old varieties with new ones, which could produce high yields of rice grain in such environmental conditions. Thus, it is possible to keep high yields of rice under climatic changes at the expense of continuous breeding process with participation of southern rice varieties adapted to high temperatures during vegetation.
