Volumetric stability of moldable octacalcium phosphate in guided bone regeneration: a CBCT-based ex vivo study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of flap suturing on the movement of graft materials during Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) and to analyze the stability of moldable octacalcium phosphate (mOCP) depending on the type of graft material and membrane fixation method using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Methods A total of 60 standardized rectangular-shaped bone defects were created in the alveolar ridges of mandibles from 5–6-month-old pigs (20 defects per group), and implants (4.0 mm in diameter, 10.0 mm in height) were placed into each defect. The control group employed particle-type OCP and a collagen membrane, experimental group 1 utilized particle-type OCP and a collagen membrane with fixation pins, and experimental group 2 employed mOCP and a collagen membrane. CBCT analysis was performed to evaluate changes in horizontal thickness (HT) at the grafted sites. Results CBCT analysis revealed that the percentage reduction in HT at the implant shoulder level was significantly lower in experimental group 1 (16.7%) and experimental group 2 (16.3%) compared to the control group (31.5%), with no statistically significant difference observed between experimental groups 1 and 2. Conclusion The use of mOCP in guided bone regeneration demonstrated comparable volumetric stability to grafts utilizing collagen membranes fixed with titanium pins, suggesting its potential to simplify surgical procedures by eliminating the need for additional fixation devices.

Keywords

• Bone substitute
• Guided bone regeneration
• In vitro
• Membrane
• Octa calcium phosphate