Is social support associated with postpartum depression, anxiety and perceived stress among Korean women within the first year postpartum?

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to examine the association between social support, postpartum depression (PPD), anxiety and perceived stress among women within 12 months of childbirth in South Korea. Methods A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted from 21 to 30 September 2022 and included women within 12 months of childbirth in Chungnam Province, South Korea. A total of 1486 participants were included. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between social support and mental health. Results In total, 40.0% of the participants had mild to moderate PPD; 12.0%, anxiety symptoms; and 8.2%, perceived severe stress. Social support (from family and significant others) is significantly associated with PPD, anxiety and perceived severe stress. Current maternal health problems, unplanned pregnancy and low household income were risk factors for PPD, anxiety and perceived stress. The increase in the time elapsed after childbirth showed a positive association with PPD and perceived severe stress. Conclusions Our findings provide insights to identify at-risk mothers and emphasize the importance of social support in families, early screening and continuous monitoring for postpartum women to prevent PPD, anxiety and stress.

Keywords

• social support
• postpartum depression
• anxiety
• perceived stress
• maternal mental health