Comparison of Prognostic Computed Tomography Scores in Geriatric Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Aim This study aimed to compare the Rotterdam and Helsinki computed tomography (CT) scoring systems for predicting the 30-day mortality after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the geriatric population. Materials and Methods Patients aged ≥65 years presenting to the emergency department with trauma-related complaints were retrospectively scanned using International Classification of Disease codes, and patients with isolated head trauma examined using brain CT were included. Demographic data including age, gender, trauma mechanisms, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at the time of admission, light reflex information, intubation, and surgery status, and emergency department outcomes were recorded. Brain CT images were investigated to calculate the Rotterdam and Helsinki CT scores and the relationship between them was examined. Results Of the 890 included patients, 403 (45.3%) were male. Overall, 683 patients fell from a height of lt;1 m and 195 suffered injuries by hitting or direct impact. Further, the 30-day mortality rate was examined, revealing that 868 patients were alive and 22 patients died. Mortality rate was 3.7% for males and 1.4% for females. The Rotterdam and Helsinki CT scores and 30-day mortality was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and the area under the curve was found as 0.564 and 0.603, respectively. The specificity of Rotterdam and Helsinki CT scoring systems in predicting 30-day mortality was 99.08% and 99.19%, respectively. Conclusion The use of CT scoring systems such as Rotterdam and Helsinki in the geriatric population presenting with TBI allows us to predict 30-day mortality.

Keywords

• geriatrics
• emergency department
• tomography
• traumatic brain injury
• travmatik beyin hasarı
• geriatri
• acil servis
• tomografi