2D-Cross Correlation Spectroscopy Coupled with Molecular Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Structure Modification of Camel Milk and Cow Milk Mixtures during Coagulation
Oumayma Boukria,
El Mestafa El Hadrami,
Shaxnoza Sultanova,
Jasur Safarov,
Françoise Leriche,
Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour
Affiliations
Oumayma Boukria
Applied Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Sciences and Techniques Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abedallah University, Route d’Immouzer, Fès BP 2202, Morocco
El Mestafa El Hadrami
Applied Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Sciences and Techniques Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abedallah University, Route d’Immouzer, Fès BP 2202, Morocco
Shaxnoza Sultanova
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Building, Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov, University str. 2, Tashkent 100095, Uzbekistan
Jasur Safarov
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Building, Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov, University str. 2, Tashkent 100095, Uzbekistan
Françoise Leriche
Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 63370 Lempdes, France
Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour
Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 63370 Lempdes, France
Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) coupled with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) was employed to monitor, at the molecular level, the coagulation of five mixture ratios of camel’s milk (CaM) and cow’s milk (CM) (100% CaM, 75% CaM:25% CM, 50% CaM:50% CM, 25% CaM:75% CM and 100% CM). The dissimilarities among the different formulations are highlighted on the synchronous 2DCOS-SFS. In addition, according to the cross-peak symbols in synchronous and asynchronous spectra, the rate of response modification in riboflavin, protein and vitamin A matched with common coagulation phenomena usually reported during chymosin coagulation (hydrolysis of κ-casein, destabilization of casein micelles and aggregation). This study demonstrated that 2DCOS-SFS is a successful strategy to discriminate milk mixtures and to monitor molecular structure modifications during coagulation process.
