Optic Neuritis – The Evolving Spectrum

Abstract

Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition that affects the optic nerve and may be associated with various central nervous system demyelinating conditions, infectious diseases, and systemic autoimmune syndromes. This manuscript sheds light on the epidemiologic patterns and diverse clinical features of ON, emphasizing the importance of early detection and prompt treatment. Various studies have revealed geographic and ethnic variations across ON subtypes, which are likely related to the incidence and prevalence of co-associated disorders. Distinguishing ON subtypes may be challenging and requires use of paraclinical tools. Treatment strategies differ depending on the etiology, further highlighting the importance of accurately identifying specific ON subtypes in a timely manner.

Keywords

• optic neuritis (on)
• multiple sclerosis (ms)
• myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (mogad)
• neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (nmosd)
• magnetic resonance imaging (mri)
• optical coherence tomography (oct)