Ceramic assemblages of the Funa Castle in the Southern Crimea: collection of vessels from cesspools

Abstract

The Funa fortress is one of the key sites for the study of the 15th c. fortification architecture of the Northern Black Sea Region. The archaeological excavations were carried out there during 11 field seasons from 1980 till 1995. To date, the history of construction has been studied in detail and the architecture of the fortress ensemble has been recreated. However, the publication of materials from excavation of the site is still an actual question. The richest archaeological assemblages relate to the final stage of the fortress's life — 1459—1475. Cesspools of the donjon and of the public toilet near the barracks drew attention among others. They were full of ceramic material despite their specific functions. There are 1 two-handed jug, 3 kitchen pots, 2 of which are imported, 1 small goblet and 24 glazed bowls among the finds that were partially or fully reconstructed. The most of glazed ceramics are the local plain and sgraffito wares, two of which were decorated with the monogram of Prince Alexander, the owner of the castle. Three bowls are imported from Spain and, presumably, Anatolia. A detailed analysis of these findings is represented in the proposed study.

Keywords

• southern crimea
• the principality of theodoro
• the funa fortress
• the 15th c.
• a ceramic assemblage