Results in Engineering (Mar 2025)
Microcavitation dynamics growth process in ternary-hybrid nanofluids near an elastic wall: An analytical investigation
Abstract
Application: Micro- and nano-cavitation technology is a new way to solve some environmental issues, such as climate change, manufacturing cost and energy reduction, therapeutic and diagnostic procedure optimization, and other problems. Even though the manufacture and use of microcavitation is a relatively new topic, there are a lot of publications and research about their properties and their potential applications in numerous sectors. Novel classes of heat transfer fluids based on nanotechnology, known as nanofluids, are created by dispersing and steadily suspending nanoparticles, typically between 1 and 50 nm long in conventional heat transfer fluids. Over the last ten years, incredible discoveries have been made by trailblazing scientists and engineers that a minimal amount of guest nanoparticles can dramatically enhance the thermal properties of the host fluids. Novelty: Motivated by these advances, this work is devoted to studying the microcavitation bubbles’ evolution process in ternary-hybrid nanofluids (namely, tri-hybrid nanofluids) near an elastic wall by using the analytical investigation. The proposed model of microcavitation dynamics is formulated based on the Keller-Miksis model, which describes cavitation bubbles near the elastic rigid body with shell thickness for two nanofluids. Methodology: The model of modified Keller-Miksis is solved analytically via the modified Plesset-Zwick method in mono, hybrid, and ternary-hybrid nanofluids with consideration of the variety of surface tension. Different types of thermophysical configurations of nano, hybrid, and ternary-hybrid nanofluids are described and developed to study the cavitation behaviour for various values of volume concentration of nanoparticles. Findings: The main goal of this analysis is a theoretical explanation and mathematical modeling of microcavitation dynamics in ternary-hybrid nanofluids with a variety of surface tension. The microcavitation process in multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-Au-Ag/blood for ternary-hybrid nanofluid is lower than that in the cases of MWCNT-Ag/blood for hybrid nanofluid and MWCNT/blood for nanofluid and pure blood fluids. The effect of volume concentration of the used nanoparticles reduces the behaviour of cavitation dynamics near the elastic rigid body with shell thickness in ternary-hybrid nanofluids. The obtained results are schematically and graphically presented by using Mathematica symbolic software to investigate the impact of the thermophysical properties of the ternary-hybrid nanoparticles on the radius of the vapor bubble and compare with the previous related works.
