Stomatal development and genetic expression in Arabidopsis thaliana L.
Md. Rayhan Chowdhury,
Md. Sabbir Ahamed,
Md. Atik Mas-ud,
Hiya Islam,
Mst Fatamatuzzohora,
Md. Firose Hossain,
Mutasim Billah,
Md. Shahadat Hossain,
Mohammad Nurul Matin
Affiliations
Md. Rayhan Chowdhury
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Md. Sabbir Ahamed
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Md. Atik Mas-ud
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Hiya Islam
Biotechnology, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mst Fatamatuzzohora
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Md. Firose Hossain
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Mutasim Billah
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Md. Shahadat Hossain
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
Mohammad Nurul Matin
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.
Stomata are turgor-driven microscopic epidermal valves of land plants. The controlled opening and closing of the valves are essential for regulating the gas exchange and minimizing the water loss and eventually regulating the internal temperatures. Stomata are also a major site of pathogen/microbe entry and plant defense system. Maintaining proper stomatal density, distribution, and development are pivotal for plant survival. Arabidopsis is a model plant to study molecular basis including signaling pathways, transcription factors, and key components for the growth and development of specific organs as well as the whole plant. It has intensively been studied and found out the driver for the development and patterning of stomata. In this review, we have explained how the MAPK signaling cascade is controlled by TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) receptor-like protein and the Erecta (ER) receptor-like kinase family. We have also summarized how this MAPK cascade affects primary transcriptional regulators to finally activate the main three basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) principal transcription factors, which are required for the development and patterning of stomata. Moreover, regulatory activity and cellular connections of polar proteins and environmentally mediated ligand–receptor interactions in the stomatal developmental pathways have extensively been discussed in this review.
