Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral (Aug 2005)
Sensibilización a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney y Blomia tropicalis en niños de tres consultorios Sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis in children from three family physician’s offices
Abstract
La morbilidad de las enfermedades alérgicas mediadas por el anticuerpo IgE, se ha incrementado en los últimos 40 años, y además, se han identificado a los ácaros domésticos como sus principales agentes causales. En Cuba, los ácaros más frecuentemente son: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus), Dermatophagoides siboney (D. siboney) y Blomia tropicalis (B. tropicalis). En este estudio investigamos si la sensibilización a estos ácaros constituye un problema de salud en nuestra población infantil, y su relación con la exposición al polvo doméstico. Se seleccionaron 103 niños alérgicos del pueblo de Guatao, que se clasificaron según su grado de exposición al polvo doméstico. A todos se les realizó la prueba por punción cutánea por duplicado en ambos antebrazos y se utilizaron los extractos alergénicos estandarizados VALERGEN-BT Ò (Blomia tropicalis), VALERGEN-DS Ò (Dermatophagoides siboney) y VALERGEN-DP Ò (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus), todos de producción nacional en el Centro Nacional de Biopreparados. La sensibilización fue mayor de forma significativa (pMorbidity of allergic diseases mediated by the IgE antibody has increased in the last 40 years and the house mites have been identified as their main causal agents. In Cuba, the most common mites are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus), Dermatophagoides siboney (D. siboney) and Blomia tropicalis (B. tropicalis). In this study, it was investigated if the sensitization to these mites is a health problem in our infantile population and its connection with the exposure to house dust. 103 allergic children from the Guatao town were selected. All of them underwent the skin puncture test in both forearms and the VALERGEN-BT Ò (Blomia tropicalis), VALERGEN-DS Ò (Dermatophagoides siboney) and VALERGEN-DP Ò (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) standardized allergenic extracts, which were produced in our country by the National Centre of Biopreparations, were used. The sensitization was significantly higher (p<0,01) for all the mites of the genus Dermatophagoides, specially for D. Pteronyssinus. The D. pteronyssinus extract provoked a mean size of the wheal higher than the other products among the positive patients of both groups (p<0,04). Therefore, we concluded that the greatest exposure of the patients to domestic dust is related to a higher sensitization of the mites.
