теорія та практика дизайну (Dec 2019)
Designing affordable housing to accommodate changes in apartment requirements during operation
Abstract
This article highlights the problem of affordable housing and forms an architectural and planning organization for affordable housing, taking into account family changes over the long term. The feasibility of designing affordable housing with sustainability concepts and high utility and efficiency have been analyzed. The peculiarities of the requirements for the architectural and planning organization of apartments of this type of dwelling are revealed. It is founded that affordable housing should be able to quickly adapt the housing cell to changes in living conditions, as well as be as versatile as possible with the integration of housing and community functions. The idea of affordable housing that can evolve and change depending on the needs of the family, and generate additional income due to the adaptability of part of the apartment for rent is covered. The idea of such a home is to adapt the apartment to the state of the family by analyzing: the composition, changes in income levels, the need for additional space and residence time. Consideration is given to the housing unit of affordable housing, as an apartment in which, after full payment at will and opportunity, it is possible to increase its area, if necessary it can be rented out (all, or in part). Measures to be taken for the possibility of transformation and redevelopment of apartments at the design stage are described. Namely that measures are: prediction of the supporting frame (column-overlap) with a wide step; designing the rooms as a fully fledged unit, that is, with a wardrobe space and a bathroom, for easy rental; рrovision of ventilation and air recirculation systems for combining apartments that do not have through ventilation, etc. Several variants of the adaptability of the dwelling cell have been identified, namely: internal redevelopment and transformation (consolidation, separation of several apartments). The rationality of the most effective model of affordable housing of the 21st century, namely multifunctional housing with different typology of apartments (social, affordable, commercial) is illuminated.
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