Double-task exercise programmes to strengthen cognitive and vascular health in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Svetlana V Doubova,
Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas,
Mariela Bernabe-Garcia,
Michel A Gregory,
Laura Alejandra Mejía-Alonso,
Oscar Orihuela-Rodríguez,
Carlos Paredes-Manjarrez,
Tania Colín-Martínez,
Irene Mujica-Morales,
Israel Grijalva-Otero,
Lourdes Basurto-Acevedo,
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar,
Juan Cuadros-Moreno,
Arcelia Bernal-Diaz,
Ryosuke Shigematsu
Affiliations
Svetlana V Doubova
Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit CMN Siglo XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas
Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit CMN Siglo XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Mariela Bernabe-Garcia
Medical Research Unit in Nutrition, Pediatrics Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Michel A Gregory
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Laura Alejandra Mejía-Alonso
Rehabilitation Service, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Oscar Orihuela-Rodríguez
Cardiology Service, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Carlos Paredes-Manjarrez
Image Service, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Tania Colín-Martínez
Continuous Admission Service, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Irene Mujica-Morales
Division of Occupational Risk Prevention. Occupational Health Coordination, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Israel Grijalva-Otero
Medical Research Unit in Neurological Diseases, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Lourdes Basurto-Acevedo
Research Unit in Endocrine Diseases, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar
Research Unit in Endocrine Diseases, National Medical Center Century XXI, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Juan Cuadros-Moreno
Coordination of Health Education, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico
Arcelia Bernal-Diaz
Aragón School of Higher Education, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Ryosuke Shigematsu
Faculty of Education, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
Introduction Cognitive and physical declines are frequent causes of disability among older adults (OAs) in Mexico that imposes significant burden on the health system and OAs’ families. Programmes to prevent or delay OAs’ cognitive and physical decline are scarce.Methods and analysis A double-blind randomised clinical trial will be conducted. The study will aim to evaluate two 24-week double-task (aerobic and cognitive) square-stepping exercise programmes for OAs at risk of cognitive decline—one programme with and another without caregiver participation—and to compare these with an aerobic-balance-stretching exercise programme (control group). 300 OAs (100 per group) affiliated with the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) between 60 and 65 years of age with self-reported cognitive concerns will participate. They will be stratified by education level and randomly allocated to the groups. The intervention will last 24 weeks, and the effect of each programme will be evaluated 12, 24 and 52 weeks after the intervention. Participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics will be collected at baseline. The outcomes will include: (1) general cognitive function; (2) specific cognitive functions; (3) dual-task gait; (4) blood pressure; (5) carotid intima–media thickness; (6) OAs’ health-related quality of life; and (7) caregiver burden. The effects of the interventions on each outcome variable will be examined using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with study groups as the between-subjects variable and time as the within-subject variable.Ethics and dissemination The study was approved by the IMSS Ethics and Research Committees (registration number: 2018-785-095). All participants will sign a consent form prior to their participation. The study results will be disseminated to the IMSS authorities, healthcare providers and the research community.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04068376).
