Revolutionizing cardiometabolic health: the dual power of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors: a review article

Abstract

In a world where metabolic disorders such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD/NASH) and chronic heart failure (CHF) steadily increase, the limitations of current therapies become even more apparent. Lifestyle changes have been the primary approach to metabolic disorders. However, the new use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) – inhibitors seem to present a breakthrough in improving the outcome of metabolic disorders in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In the current review, we focused on studies with non-diabetic metabolic disorders. The results underlined the hepatoprotective effect of GLP1RAs on the histological resolution of NASH/NAFLD and improved serum liver enzyme. GLP1RAs, especially Liraglutide, also seem benefi cial in reducing stool frequency in patients suffering from bile acid malabsorption (BAM). SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes and decrease the hospitalization rate for heart failure, regardless of the diabetes status. GLP1RA reduce body mass and infl ammation . In conclusion, the most up-to-date studies on the respective topics show that GLP1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors have promising systemic benefi cial effects on patients with metabolic disorders with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

• non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
• steatohepatitis