The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2025)
Observations of Microlensed Images with Dual-field Interferometry: On-sky Demonstration and Prospects
- Przemek Mróz,
- Subo Dong,
- Antoine Mérand,
- Jinyi Shangguan,
- Julien Woillez,
- Andrew Gould,
- Andrzej Udalski,
- Frank Eisenhauer,
- Yoon-Hyun Ryu,
- Zexuan Wu,
- Zhuokai Liu,
- Hongjing Yang,
- —,
- Guillaume Bourdarot,
- Denis Defrère,
- Antonia Drescher,
- Maximilian Fabricius,
- Paulo Garcia,
- Reinhard Genzel,
- Stefan Gillessen,
- Sebastian F. Hönig,
- Laura Kreidberg,
- Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin,
- Dieter Lutz,
- Florentin Millour,
- Thomas Ott,
- Thibaut Paumard,
- Jonas Sauter,
- T. Taro Shimizu,
- Christian Straubmeier,
- Matthias Subroweit,
- Felix Widmann,
- (The GRAVITY+ Collaboration),
- Michał K. Szymański,
- Igor Soszyński,
- Paweł Pietrukowicz,
- Szymon Kozłowski,
- Radosław Poleski,
- Jan Skowron,
- Krzysztof Ulaczyk,
- Mariusz Gromadzki,
- Krzysztof Rybicki,
- Patryk Iwanek,
- Marcin Wrona,
- Mateusz J. Mróz,
- (The OGLE Collaboration),
- Michael D. Albrow,
- Sun-Ju Chung,
- Cheongho Han,
- Kyu-Ha Hwang,
- Youn Kil Jung,
- In-Gu Shin,
- Yossi Shvartzvald,
- Jennifer C. Yee,
- Weicheng Zang,
- Sang-Mok Cha,
- Dong-Jin Kim,
- Seung-Lee Kim,
- Chung-Uk Lee,
- Dong-Joo Lee,
- Yongseok Lee,
- Byeong-Gon Park,
- Richard W. Pogge,
- (KMTNet Collaboration)
Affiliations
- Przemek Mróz
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Subo Dong
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Science , 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- Antoine Mérand
- ORCiD
- European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Jinyi Shangguan
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Julien Woillez
- ORCiD
- European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Andrew Gould
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University , 140 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Andrzej Udalski
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Frank Eisenhauer
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Yoon-Hyun Ryu
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Zexuan Wu
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- Zhuokai Liu
- Department of Astronomy, School of Physics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China; Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University , 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- Hongjing Yang
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- —
- Guillaume Bourdarot
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Denis Defrère
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astronomy , KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Antonia Drescher
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Maximilian Fabricius
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Paulo Garcia
- CENTRA—Centro de Astrofísica e Gravitação , IST, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto , Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Reinhard Genzel
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Stefan Gillessen
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Sebastian F. Hönig
- ORCiD
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Laura Kreidberg
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin
- ORCiD
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Dieter Lutz
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Florentin Millour
- Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Nice, France
- Thomas Ott
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Thibaut Paumard
- ORCiD
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL , Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
- Jonas Sauter
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Astronomy , Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- T. Taro Shimizu
- ORCiD
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Christian Straubmeier
- ORCiD
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne , Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Matthias Subroweit
- 1st Institute of Physics, University of Cologne , Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Felix Widmann
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- (The GRAVITY+ Collaboration)
- Michał K. Szymański
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Igor Soszyński
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Paweł Pietrukowicz
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Szymon Kozłowski
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Radosław Poleski
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Jan Skowron
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Krzysztof Ulaczyk
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]; Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry, CV4 7 AL, UK
- Mariusz Gromadzki
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Krzysztof Rybicki
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]; Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics , Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Patryk Iwanek
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- Marcin Wrona
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]; Department of Astrophysics and Planetary Sciences, Villanova University , 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
- Mateusz J. Mróz
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, University of Warsaw , Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, Poland ; [email protected]
- (The OGLE Collaboration)
- Michael D. Albrow
- ORCiD
- University of Canterbury , School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand
- Sun-Ju Chung
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Cheongho Han
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University , Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Kyu-Ha Hwang
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Youn Kil Jung
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; National University of Science and Technology (UST) , Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- In-Gu Shin
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Yossi Shvartzvald
- ORCiD
- Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Jennifer C. Yee
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Weicheng Zang
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Sang-Mok Cha
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University , Yongin, Kyeonggi 17104, Republic of Korea
- Dong-Jin Kim
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Seung-Lee Kim
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Chung-Uk Lee
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Dong-Joo Lee
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Yongseok Lee
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea; School of Space Research, Kyung Hee University , Yongin, Kyeonggi 17104, Republic of Korea
- Byeong-Gon Park
- ORCiD
- Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea
- Richard W. Pogge
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University , 140 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, Ohio State University , 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- (KMTNet Collaboration)
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9b14
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 980,
no. 1
p. 47
Abstract
Interferometric observations of gravitational microlensing events offer an opportunity for precise, efficient, and direct mass and distance measurements of lensing objects, especially those of isolated neutron stars and black holes. However, such observations have previously been possible for only a handful of extremely bright events. The recent development of a dual-field interferometer, GRAVITY Wide, has made it possible to reach out to significantly fainter objects and increase the pool of microlensing events amenable to interferometric observations by 2 orders of magnitude. Here, we present the first successful observation of a microlensing event with GRAVITY Wide and the resolution of microlensed images in the event OGLE-2023-BLG-0061/KMT-2023-BLG-0496. We measure the angular Einstein radius of the lens with subpercent precision, θ _E = 1.280 ± 0.009 mas. Combined with the microlensing parallax detected from the event light curve, the mass and distance to the lens are found to be 0.472 ± 0.012 M _⊙ and 1.81 ± 0.05 kpc, respectively. We present the procedure for the selection of targets for interferometric observations and discuss possible systematic effects affecting GRAVITY Wide data. This detection demonstrates the capabilities of the new instrument, and it opens up completely new possibilities for the follow-up of microlensing events and future routine discoveries of isolated neutron stars and black holes.
Keywords
