Integrative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis in the female goat hypothalamus to study the onset of puberty
Jing Ye,
Xu Yan,
Wei Zhang,
Juntai Lu,
Shuangshuang Xu,
Xiaoqian Li,
Ping Qin,
Xinbao Gong,
Ya Liu,
Yinghui Ling,
Yunsheng Li,
Yunhai Zhang,
Fugui Fang
Affiliations
Jing Ye
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Xu Yan
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Wei Zhang
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Juntai Lu
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Shuangshuang Xu
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Xiaoqian Li
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Ping Qin
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Xinbao Gong
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Ya Liu
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Yinghui Ling
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Yunsheng Li
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Yunhai Zhang
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Fugui Fang
Department of Animal Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
Abstract Background Puberty marks the end of childhood and achieve sexual maturation and fertility. The role of hypothalamic proteins in regulating puberty onset is unclear. We performed a comprehensive differential proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis in prepubertal and pubertal goats to determine the roles of hypothalamic proteins and phosphoproteins during the onset of puberty. Results We used peptide and posttranslational modifications peptide quantification and statistical analyses, and identified 69 differentially expressed proteins from 5,057 proteins and 576 differentially expressed phosphopeptides from 1574 phosphorylated proteins. Combined proteomic and phosphoproteomics, 759 correlated proteins were identified, of which 5 were differentially expressed only at the protein level, and 201 were only differentially expressed at the phosphoprotein level. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the majority of correlated proteins were associated with glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, focal adhesion, GABAergic synapse, and Rap1 signaling pathway. These pathways are related to cell proliferation, neurocyte migration, and promoting the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus. CTNNB1 occupied important locations in the protein-protein interaction network and is involved in focal adhesion. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the proteins differentially expression only at the protein level or only differentially expressed at the phosphoprotein level and their related signalling pathways are crucial in regulating puberty in goats. These differentially expressed proteins and phosphorylated proteins may constitute the proteomic backgrounds between the two different stages.
