Early repolarization syndrome in modern interpretation

Abstract

Relevance of the study of early repolarization syndrome is associated with a high degree of its occurrence among the general population, namely among young people and people doing sports. Objective is to generalize the data of experimental and clinical studies which have found that the early repolarization syndrome is an idiopathic electrocardiographic phenomenon, which is considered by various specialists ambiguously; to assess the state of the cardiovascular system in the subjects, both adults and children with early repolarization syndrome, and to propose a diagnostic algorithm for detecting this phenomenon on the ECG when admitting to physical exercise and sports. The history of the development of early repolarization syndrome has been shown since 1936 to present time, which was first described by R. Shipley and W. Halleran. Clinical interest in ERS appeared as a result of a clinically established relationship with lethal arrhythmias in healthy people without structural changes in the heart. According to existing recommendations, the opinions of leading experts, including members of Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), the Asia-Pacific Society for Heart Rhythm (2015), it should be distinguished between the pattern and the syndrome of early ventricular repolarization. The Shanghai scale for the diagnosis of early repolarization syndrome, as well as the etiology, electrophysiology of early repolarization syndrome, its modern classification and electrocardiographic signs are presented. The features of early repolarization syndrome in athletes and in children, as well as the features of its treatment and prevention are shown. Conclusions. Thus, the early repolarization syndrome is an important cardiac problem. Future clinical and experimental studies should focus on finding out the exact causes and mechanisms for the development of the early repolarization syndrome and, ultimately, on developing strategies to prevent premature death from cardiac causes in individuals with this electrocardiogram disorder.

Keywords

• early repolarization syndrome
• ventricular fibrillation
• sudden cardiac death