Time-independent three-dimensional flow of a water-based hybrid nanofluid past a Riga plate with slips and convective conditions: A homotopic solution

Abstract

In the present analysis, we have analyzed the three-dimensional flow of an electromagnetohydrodynamic copper–aluminum/water hybrid nanofluid flow on a Riga plate. The heat and mass flux model proposed by Cattaneo-Christov is deliberated here. Thermal radiation, thermophoretic diffusion, Brownian motion, and chemical reaction phenomena are considered in analyzing the flow problem. Thermal convective, mass convective, and velocity slip conditions are adapted in this analysis. Suitable resemblance variables are implemented for the conversion of the model equations to dimension-free form. The homotopy analysis method is adopted to solve the modeled equations. The obtained results show that the velocity profiles are reduced with an increasing estimation of the slip factors. Additionally, the nanoparticles’ concentration and the temperature of the hybrid nanofluid increase with higher values of thermal and solutal Biot numbers. The Nusselt number is increased with an increase in the radiation factor and thermal Biot number.

Keywords

• nanofluid
• hybrid nanofluid
• electromagnetohydrodynamic
• riga plate
• slip conditions
• convective conditions
• ham