Identification of Eight High Yielding Strains via Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Thirty-Three Wild Strains of <i>Calocybe indica</i>
Manoj Nath,
Anupam Barh,
Annu Sharma,
Parul Verma,
Rakesh Kumar Bairwa,
Shwet Kamal,
Ved Prakash Sharma,
Sudheer Kumar Annepu,
Kanika Sharma,
Deepesh Bhatt,
Pankaj Bhatt,
Dharmesh Gupta,
Akoijam Ratankumar Singh
Affiliations
Manoj Nath
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Anupam Barh
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Annu Sharma
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan 173 230, India
Parul Verma
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Rakesh Kumar Bairwa
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Shwet Kamal
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Ved Prakash Sharma
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Sudheer Kumar Annepu
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Center, Ooty 643 006, India
Kanika Sharma
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan 173 213, India
Deepesh Bhatt
Department of Biotechnology, Shree Ramkrishna Institute of Computer Education and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sarvajanik University, Surat 395 001, India
Pankaj Bhatt
Department of Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
Dharmesh Gupta
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan 173 230, India
Akoijam Ratankumar Singh
ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Manipur Centre Lamphelpat, Imphal 795 004, India
Calocybe indica, generally referred as milky mushroom, is one of the edible mushroom species suitable for cultivation in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. However, lack of potential high yielding strains has limited its wider adaptability. To overcome this limitation, in this study, the germplasms of C. indica from different geographical regions of India were characterized based on their morphological, molecular and agronomical attributes. Internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS4)-based PCR amplification, sequencing and nucleotide analysis confirmed the identity of all the studied strains as C. indica. Further, evaluation of these strains for morphological and yield parameters led to the identification of eight high yielding strains in comparison to the control (DMRO-302). Moreover, genetic diversity analysis of these thirty-three strains was performed using ten sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers/combinations. The Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA)-based phylogenetic analysis categorized the thirty-three strains along with the control into three clusters. Cluster I possesses the maximum number of strains. Among the high yielding strains, high antioxidant activity and phenol content was recorded in DMRO-54, while maximum protein content was observed in DMRO-202 and DMRO-299 as compared with the control strain. The outcome of this study will help the mushroom breeders and growers in commercializing C. indica.
