Compliant Iontronic Triboelectric Gels with Phase-Locked Structure Enabled by Competitive Hydrogen Bonding

Abstract

Highlights A bionic phase-locked structure-inspired iontronic triboelectric gel is proposed with good mechanical compliance for wearable haptic sensing applications. Competitive hydrogen bonding systems are constructed through polymer-solvent-nonsolvent interactions, and regeneration of polymers with weak hydrogen bond donors triggers controlled phase separation. Self-powered haptic skin constructed with iontronic triboelectric gel has a modulus (150.6 kPa) and stretchability (> 400%) similar to that of the human body, enabling fidelity transmission of haptic signals and precise recognition of sensing objects.

Keywords

• Triboelectric nanogenerator
• Cellulose
• Triboelectric gel
• Self-powered sensor
• Energy harvesting