Estimation and Evaluation of 15 Minute, 40 Meter Surface Upward Longwave Radiation Downscaled from the Geostationary FY-4B AGRI

Limeng Zheng; Biao Cao; Qiang Na; Boxiong Qin; Junhua Bai; Yongming Du; Hua Li; Zunjian Bian; Qing Xiao; Qinhuo Liu

doi:10.3390/rs16071158

Remote Sensing (Mar 2024)

Estimation and Evaluation of 15 Minute, 40 Meter Surface Upward Longwave Radiation Downscaled from the Geostationary FY-4B AGRI

Limeng Zheng,
Biao Cao,
Qiang Na,
Boxiong Qin,
Junhua Bai,
Yongming Du,
Hua Li,
Zunjian Bian,
Qing Xiao,
Qinhuo Liu

Affiliations

Limeng Zheng: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Biao Cao: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Qiang Na: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Boxiong Qin: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Junhua Bai: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Yongming Du: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Hua Li: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Zunjian Bian: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Qing Xiao: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Qinhuo Liu: State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16071158
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 16, no. 7
p. 1158

Abstract

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Surface upward longwave radiation (SULR) is one of the four components of surface net radiation. Geostationary satellites can provide high temporal but coarse spatial resolution SULR products. Downscaling coarse SULR to a higher resolution is important for fine-scale thermal condition monitoring. Statistical regression downscaling is widely used due to its simplicity and is built on the assumption that the thermal parameter like land surface temperature (LST) or SULR has a relationship with the related surface factors like the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the relationship remains unchanged in any scales. In this study, to establish the relationship between SULR and the related surface factors, we chose the multiple linear regression (MLR) model and five surface factors (i.e., the modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), normalized difference built-up and soil index (NDBSI), NDVI, normalized moisture difference index (NMDI), and urban index (UI)) to drive the downscaling process. Additionally, a step-by-step downscaling strategy was applied to reach the 100-fold increase in spatial resolution, transitioning the estimated SULR from 4 km of the advanced geostationary radiation imager (AGRI) onboard FengYun-4B (FY-4B) satellite to 40 m of the visual and infrared multispectral imager (VIMI) in infrared spectrum onboard GaoFen5-02 (GF5-02). Finally, we evaluated the downscaling results by comparing the downscaled SULR values with the in situ measured SULR and GF5-02-calculated SULR, and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) were 19.70 W/m2 and 24.86 W/m2, respectively. Throughout this MLR-based step-by-step downscaling method (high-frequency data from FY-4B and high spatial resolution data from GF5-02), high spatiotemporal SULR (15 min temporal resolution, 40 m spatial resolution) were successfully generated instead of coarse spatial resolution ones from the FY-4B satellite or a coarse temporal resolution one from the GF5-02 satellite, relieving the above-mentioned conflict to some extent.

Published in Remote Sensing

ISSN: 2072-4292 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing/

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