RETRACTED ARTICLE: LncRNA NDRG1 aggravates osteosarcoma progression and regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway by sponging miR-96-5p

Abstract

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents. Large numbers of studies have focused on the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that plays essential roles in the progression of osteosarcoma. Nevertheless, the functions and underlying mechanisms of LncRNA NDRG1 in osteosarcoma remain unknown. Methods Differentially expressed lncRNAs between osteosarcoma and adjacent normal tissues were identified through RNA sequencing. The role of LncRNA NDRG1 in osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis were investigated through in vitro and in vivo functional experiments. The interaction between LncRNA NDRG1 and miR-96-5p was verified through bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Regulation relationship between LncRNA NDRG1 and miR-96-5p was further evaluated by the rescue experiments. Additionally, the changes in the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the PI3K/AKT pathway were verified by Western blot. Results LncRNA NDRG1 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues and the expression of LncRNA NDRG1 was correlated with the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Functional experiments exhibited that LncRNA NDRG1 aggravated osteosarcoma proliferation and migration in vitro; meanwhile, animals experiments showed that LncRNA NDRG1 promoted osteosarcoma growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, LncRNA NDRG1 was found to aggravate osteosarcoma progression and regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway by sponging miR-96-5p. Conclusions LncRNA NDRG1 aggravates osteosarcoma progression and regulates the PI3K/AKT pathway by sponging miR-96-5p. Therefore, LncRNA NDRG1 could act as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma in the future.

Keywords

• Osteosarcoma
• LncRNA NDRG1
• miR-96-5p
• Proliferation
• Migration
• EMT