Sustainable Green Synthesis of Yttrium Oxide (Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles Using <i>Lantana camara</i> Leaf Extracts: Physicochemical Characterization, Photocatalytic Degradation, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Potency
Rajakumar Govindasamy,
Mydhili Govindarasu,
Salman S. Alharthi,
Preeyanghaa Mani,
Neppolian Bernaurdshaw,
Thandapani Gomathi,
Mohammad Azam Ansari,
Mohammad N. Alomary,
Banan Atwah,
M. Shaheer Malik,
V. Devi Rajeswari,
Kaliaperumal Rekha,
Saleh A. Ahmed,
Muthu Thiruvengadam
Affiliations
Rajakumar Govindasamy
Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
Mydhili Govindarasu
Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
Salman S. Alharthi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 110999, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Preeyanghaa Mani
Nanotechnology & SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
Neppolian Bernaurdshaw
Nanotechnology & SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
Thandapani Gomathi
Department of Chemistry, D.K.M. College for Women, Vellore 632001, Tamil Nadu, India
Mohammad Azam Ansari
Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Mohammad N. Alomary
National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
Banan Atwah
Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 7607, Saudi Arabia
M. Shaheer Malik
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
V. Devi Rajeswari
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
Kaliaperumal Rekha
Department of Environmental and Herbal Science, Tamil University, Thanjavur 613005, Tamil Nadu, India
Saleh A. Ahmed
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
Muthu Thiruvengadam
Department of Applied Bioscience, School of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
Due to their appropriate physicochemical properties, nanoparticles are used in nanomedicine to develop drug delivery systems for anticancer therapy. In biomedical applications, metal oxide nanoparticles are used as powerful and flexible multipurpose agents. This work described a green synthesis of Y2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) using the sol-gel technique with the use of aqueous leaf extracts of Lantana camara L (LC). These nanoparticles were characterized with the aid of different methods, including UV, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmitted electron microscopy (TEM), and photocatalytic degradation. Y2O3 nanoparticles showed excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli with a 10 to 15 mm inhibitory zone. Green Y2O3 NPs were released with a 4 h lag time and 80% sustained release rate, indicating that they could be used in drug delivery. In addition, the bioavailability of green Y2O3 NPs was investigated using cell viability in cervical cancer cell lines. These green-synthesized Y2O3 NPs demonstrated photocatalytic degradation, antibacterial, and anticancer properties.
