Impacto de los Servicios de Agua y Saneamiento sobre las enfermedades diarreicas em los niños de la Sierra del Perú

Abstract

Drinking water is important for human life. Goal 6 of the SDGs indicates ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation and good water quality for all. The lack of water resources, low water quality and inadequate sanitation affect food security and people's health. In this sense, diarrhea is one of the diseases caused by the lack of drinking water. According to the WHO (2017), diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years of age. Peru ranks eighth worldwide among the countries with the largest water reserves, however, only 1% of the total available is consumed. At the end of 2019, 9.2% of the population did not have access to the drinking water network and 25.1% without sewerage. This situation is exacerbated in urban and rural areas of the country, the latter being the one with the greatest gap in access to water and sewerage. The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five years of age in rural areas was 12.5% ​​in 2019, according to the INEI. The study evaluates the impact of water and sewerage services in the Sierra del Perú on acute diarrheal diseases in children for 2019, using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) technique. It is obtained that accessing one of these services reduces the probability of presenting diarrhea by 3.7 pp.

Keywords

• drinking water
• diarrhea
• impact assessment
• pairing
• sanitation