Removal of methyl violet using synthesizing silver nanoparticles from plant-based biomass: Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation

Abstract

This research presents an innovative and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Conocarpus fruits, with the aim of improving the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methylene violet (MV) in wastewater treatment applications. The study systematically investigated the photocatalytic performance of AgNPs prepared under different concentrations of silver nitrate (AgNO3) and different pH values, as well as the operating efficiency of a photocatalytic reactor. A comprehensive analysis of various synthesis parameters was carried out, including the manipulation of silver nitrate concentrations and pH values, employing a variety of characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The findings revealed that the degradation of MV was remarkably fast and reached a remarkable removal efficiency of 99.86 % within the first hour by adsorption and photocatalytic processes under optimal conditions (pH = 8, 1 g sample and MV concentration of 50 ppm). The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 49.63 mg/g. Moreover, the AgNPs showed an impressive degradation rate of 100 % within two hours of UV light irradiation, highlighting the synergistic effects of AgNPs in enhancing both adsorption and photocatalytic activity. This study not only highlights the viability of Conocarpus fruits as a sustainable source for AgNP synthesis, but also emphasizes the potential of AgNPs in advancing wastewater treatment applications.

Keywords

• Conocarpus lancifolius fruits
• Water treatment
• Silver nanoparticles
• Adsorption
• Photocatalysis degradation
• Methylene blue