Importance of the first steps in the family-school relationship. (Methodological importance of the adaptation period)

Abstract

Education is a task shared between parents and educators (Cabrera, 2009; Zabalza, 2015). Therefore, we must establish some channels of information and participation to establish the first parameters of initial action; being the first moment before the student joins the classroom. This research has focused on the study of the differences that children have in the adaptation period, depending on whether they have been previously educated and the role that their families have played in the upbringing, in order to clarify the importance that said period has. An applied investigation is carried out «since it is aimed at generating objective information about an existing organizational problem in a real situation, so that it can support organizational planning.» (Martín-Moreno, Q. 2007, p. 398), with a sample of 238 students and 15 educational professionals. The study is included in a mixed methodology, in which quantitative (closed response surveys) and qualitative (participant observation and attitudinal analysis of students) instruments are used. The results obtained show that the relationship between the variables «adapted satisfactorily» and «early schooling» makes us think that nursery schools play a fundamental role in the development of basic skills necessary for the integration of the three-year-old child in the new school center. This forces us to consider the need for teachers to start, individually, from the skills, abilities and attitudes learned in the family and / or in the centers, to encourage, from them, school learning. These data have helped us to program action strategies (Berlin, Dunning & Dodge, 2011), with the aim of preparing the way for the child’s adaptation to be carried out satisfactorily, whatever their previous trajectory is.

Keywords

• familia
• colegio
• educación infantil
• periodo de adaptación, investigación
• planteamiento didáctico