Present energy scenario and future energy mix of Bangladesh

Abstract

Electric power consumption in KWh Per capita is a key factor in determining the progress of technological growth and the socio-economic development of any country. Bangladesh is a lower middle-income country, and its population density is around 1118 per square kilometer. The vision of the country is to become a high-income nation by the year 2041. Governed by this vision, the net electricity demand forecasted to 61 GW by 2041. The power generating sector of Bangladesh largely depends on natural gas since the reserve of natural gas is higher compared to all other fossil fuel-based energy resources. However, natural gas is predicted to deplete by the year 2028, which threatens the future energy security of Bangladesh. Therefore, Bangladesh needs immediate attention to the modification of its existing energy mix to meet future energy demands for sustainable economic growth. In this paper, we report a detailed overview of the present energy scenario by taking into account the numerous available energy resources and simultaneously proposed a best-suited energy solution for the sustainable development of Bangladesh. We have considered the economic value and the environmental value of the energy supply to estimate the prospective primary energy mix of Bangladesh for electricity generation. Our estimation suggests for the use of 25% Coal, 25% Natural Gas, and 35% Renewable Energies that ensure the best energy mix of Bangladesh. This study has critically examined the performance matrices of all the existing energy resources and such the outcome of this study may bring a long term sustainable energy solution in the energy market of Bangladesh.

Keywords

• Fossil fuel
• Solar energy
• Hydro energy
• Energy mix
• Energy security