Association of all Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality With Hearing Loss Among US Adults: A Secondary Analysis Study

Abstract

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Objectives: Previous research revealed the relationship between hearing loss (HL) and all cause mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the association between HL and all causes and cause-specific mortality based on US adults.Methods: Data were obtained by linking National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (2004–2013) with linkage to a mortality database to 31 December 2015. HL were categorized into four groups: good hearing, a little hearing difficulty, a lot of hearing difficulty, profoundly deaf. The relationship between HL and mortality risk was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results: Compared with the reference group (Good), those who had light or moderate hearing problems were at an increased risk of mortality for all causes (A little trouble—HR: 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13 to 1.20; A lot of trouble—HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.40–1.51); deaf—HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.38–1.73) respectively.Conclusion: In addition, those in the deaf category have the highest risk of death from all causes and cause-specific cancer. More older adults are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in American adults.

Keywords

• mortality
• hearing loss
• all-cause
• cause-specific
• US adults
• prospective cohort study