Genotype x Environment Effect and Genetic Parameter Estimates of Grain Yield and Yield Related Components of F7 Javanica Black Rice Lines

Abstract

Breeding for aromatic black rice was carried out to develop high yielding aromatic fluffy black rice variety. The objectives of this study were to determine: genotype x environment (GXE) effect and the genetic parameter estimates of grain yield and yield related components, the yield components which have direct contribution to grain yield, and the most prospective black rice lines for variety release. Six F7 black rice lines along with the two parental varieties, Menthikwangi and local Black Rice, were grown at two separate growing environments, Ajibarang and Kemangkon, both in Central Java, Indonesia. In each environment, plots were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCDB) with three replicates. The result demonstrated significant GxE effect on grain yield and yield related components. The Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation, Genotypic Coefficient of Variation, and Genetic Advance of grain yield, both in the Kemangkon and Ajibarang, showed a diverse result. Grain yield is determined directly by productive tiller number, tiller number, grain weight per hill and grain number per panicle. Only grain number per panicle that has direct contribution to grain yield per hectare. Black rice breeding lines of PHMW2, PHMW4 and PHMW5 are prospective to be proposed for variety release.