Power Law Nanofluid through Tapered Artery based on a ‎Consistent Couple Stress Theory

Abstract

Based on couple stress theory, this study investigated non-Newtonian power-law nanofluid flows in converging, non-tapered, and diverging arteries. In addition to excluding gravity effects artery, geometry included mild stenosis. The momentum equation is solved via the Galerkin method, and the results are compared with experimental and classical findings. Although the power-law couple stress theory’s relations are first used in the analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow, the results of this theory are far more consistent with experimental results than classical results. Comparison of the results of the study of blood flow velocity profiles in a non-tapered artery without stenosis by the mentioned theory with experimental and classical theory results shows the difference in velocity at the center of the artery between the experimental results and the results of the classical theory is 36%, while this value has been reduced to 14% for the results of the couple stress theory. The variations in velocity profile with the power-law index (n=0.8 and n=0.85) and the dimensionless Darcy number (Da=10-10 and Da=10-7) in all three geometries indicated a flat velocity distribution with the increase in the power-law index while increasing the velocity profile with increased Darcy number. Mass transfer and energy equations are solved using the extended Kantorovich method. The solution convergence is evaluated, and the influence of parameters such as Prandtl number, Schmidt number, and dimensionless thermospheric and Brownian parameters on concentration and temperature profiles is obtained.

Keywords

• couple stress theory
• nanoparticle
• power-law model
• tapered artery
• blood flow