Numerical investigation of TiO2-water nanofluid heat transfer in a porous wavy circular chamber with a ┴-shaped heater under magnetic field

Abstract

The role of natural convection NC in nanofluids is vital to the heat transfer efficiency of various thermal systems, including solar energy devices, HVAC systems, and heat exchangers. This research examines the NC of TiO2-water nanofluid in a porous wavy circular area with a ┴shaped heater under a constant magnetic field. The governed equations may well be solved utilizing the finite element technique, and the impact of various variables, such as the volume fraction of nanofluid (φ), radiation parameter (Rd), Rayleigh number (Ra), aspect ratio (AR), and Hartmann number (Ha), on the heat transfer of the ferrofluid is analyzed. The findings show that amplifying the aspect ratio from 0.3 to 0.5 reduces the local Nusselt number by up to 35%. Additionally, increasing the Ha from 0 to 40 results in a decrease in the maximum streamline by 85%.

Keywords

• Natural convection
• Magnetic field
• Nanofluid
• Porous media
• ┴-shaped heater
• Wavy circular chamber