Advances in Human Biology (Jan 2020)
Analytical study to evaluate maternal morbidity and perinatal outcome among pregnant women with severe anaemia at tertiary care centre: A hospital-based study
Abstract
Background: Anaemia during pregnancy is a global public health challenge facing the world today. It is estimated that around 2 billion people, 30% of the world population, are affected with the majority coming from the developing world.Aim: The present study was conducted to assess perinatal outcomes and associated morbidity factors among anaemic pregnant women.Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital-based observational study that was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India and included all the pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy with haemoglobin level <7 who were admitted between January 2016 to December 2017.Results: A total of 500 cases were enrolled for the study. The present study revealed that anaemia was significantly associated with co-morbidities, 25.4% women had pre-eclampsia, 7.6% had jaundice, 3.6% had heart disease and 4.8% had the intercurrent infection. Out of 500 anaemic women 216 women had severe maternal morbidity this was found to be significant (P = 0.016), 59 women had eclampsia in their antenatal period, septicaemia was found in 63 women, 32 had a pulmonary embolism. In this study, maternal morbidity among anaemic pregnant women (ICD-10) were found to be significant in the puerperal period, among 500 study participants, 41 women had puerperal pyrexia. 319 (63.8%) delivered the baby with low birthweight, 144 (28.8%) had full-term delivery, 34 (6.8%) were stillborn and 03 (0.6%) patients were undelivered. There was a statistically significant difference found in fetal outcome according to the urban or rural locality (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Low education level, gravidity and inter-pregnancy intervals are the main risk factor. We recommend educational awareness programme to be conducted amongst pregnant women to improve their knowledge regarding the causes and prevention of anaemia for a better antenatal and perinatal outcome.
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