Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes on in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Vietnamese Women: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed when ≥2 of the following symptoms are present: ovulation disorder (OD), hyperandrogenism (HA), and polycystic ovary morphology (PCO). Clinical features of PCOS are heterogeneous and there are four clinical phenotypes: A (OD + HA + PCO); B (HA + OD); C (HA + PCO); and D (OD + PCO). Women with a PCOS phenotype that includes severe HA are at increased risk for pregnancy complications. There are currently no data on impact of PCOS phenotypes on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in Vietnamese women. This study investigated the association between PCOS phenotypes and IVF outcomes. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial conducted in patients with PCOS undergoing IVF at IVFMD, My Duc Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between January 2018 and April 2019. The primary outcome was live birth rate. Results: A total of 192 patients were included, of whom 33 patients had phenotype A (17.2%) and 159 had phenotype D (82.8%); no patients had phenotype B or C. Body mass index was significantly higher in patients with phenotype A than D (25.36 ± 4.78 versus 22.08 ± 3.21, p = 0.001). There were no differences in laboratory and pregnancy outcomes between patients with phenotypes A and D. The live birth rate was lower in patients with phenotype A versus D, but the between-group difference did not reach statistical significance (33.3% vs. 42.8%, p = 0.419). Conclusions: The common PCOS phenotypes in Vietnamese women with infertility were A and D. No impact of PCOS phenotypes on IVF treatment outcomes was detected in this secondary analysis; larger studies are needed

Keywords

• in vitro fertilization
• polycystic ovary syndrome
• ovulation disorder
• hyperandrogenism
• live birth