Fungos arbusculares e ectomicorrízicos em áreas de eucalipto e de campo nativo em solo arenoso

Abstract

The Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden forms symbiotic association with arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi. The porpoise of this work was to evaluate the direct and the indirect population and the diversity of these organisms in this kind forest of in some sandy areas located in the São Francisco de Assis – RS. Soil and roots samples were collected from native field and Eucaliptus cultivation to identify arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Sporocarps of ectomycorrhizal fungi were also collected from these areas. The studied areas were characterized as native field and eucalyptus forest with three and eight years old. Results show that the indirect identification (trapping culture) with Brachiaria brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf is efficient in the recovery endomycorrhizal inoculum fungi from the soil. The Glomus, Gigaspora, Acaulospora and Scutellospora were the most important genus found. The Acaulospora scrobiculata and Scutellospora heterogama were the predominant species. The ectomycorrhizal fungi found were Pisolithus sp. Alb. & Schewein; Scleroderma sp. (Persoon) Fries and Pisolithus microcarpus (Cooke & Massee) Cumm. The relative abundance was predominant with Scleroderma sp. The native field showed higher arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi population and diversity in relation to other eucaliptus areas.