Warped vacuum energy by black holes

Abstract

Abstract The belief still persists, at least for an important part of the community, that in general relativity the cosmological constant $$\Lambda $$ Λ must remain immaculate. However, Bianchi identities show that $$\Lambda $$ Λ could acquire local properties in the presence of matter, i.e., $$\Lambda \rightarrow \,\Lambda (x^\mu )$$ Λ → Λ ( x μ ) . In this paper we go even further, and we show that a non-uniform vacuum energy does not even require coexistence with any additional form of matter-energy, nor of any theory beyond general relativity, at least for extreme environments, such as the proximity of a black hole.