Cell Journal (Nov 2022)
Assessment of Cytotoxicity and Odontogenic/Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Nano-Dentine Cement Against Stem Cells from Apical Papilla
Abstract
ObjectiveAssessment of the cytotoxicity of novel calcium silicate-based cement is imperative in endodontics. Thisexperimental study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity and odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation potential of a newcalcium silicate/pectin cement called Nano-dentine against stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs).Materials and MethodsIn this experimental study, the cement powder was synthesized by the sol-gel technique.Zirconium oxide was added as opacifier and Pectin, a plant-based polymer, and calcium chloride as the liquid toprepare the nano-based dental cement. Thirty-six root canal dentin blocks of human extracted single-canal premolarswith 2 mm height, flared with #1, 2 and 3 Gates-Glidden drills were used to prepare the cement specimens. Thecement, namely mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and the Nano-dentine were mixed according to themanufacturers’ instructions and applied to the roots of canal dentin blocks. The cytotoxicity and odontogenic/osteogenicpotential of the cement were evaluated by using SCAPs.ResultsSCAPs were characterized by the expression of routine mesenchymal cell markers and differentiationpotential to adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes. Cement displayed no significant differences in cytotoxicity orcalcified nodules formation. Gene expression analysis showed that all three types of cement induced significant downregulationof COLA1; however, the new cement induced significant up-regulation of RUNX2 and SPP1 compared tothe control group and MTA. The new cement also induced significant up-regulation of TGFB1 and inducible nitric oxidesynthase (iNOS) compared with Biodentine and MTA.ConclusionThe new Nano-dentin cement has higher odontogenic/osteogenic potential compared to Biodentine andMTA for differentiation of SCAPs to adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes.
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