Structural Performance of Arched Space Trusses Using Date Palm Midribs for Light and Cost-Effective Construction in Egypt

Abstract

Date palm midribs enjoy a long heritage among rural builders and craftsmen in Egypt for their abundance and low-cost. This familiarity encouraged previous studies to tackle the question of using date palm midribs in wide-span construction to provide simple, quick, cost efficient shaded structures. The design of tri-arched space truss was aimed to utilize date palm midribs in cost-efficient wide-span construction with minimal processing and maximum structural efficiency. However, the validated mechanical properties, the workability, the short-term and the long-term structural behaviors of the system are yet to be investigated. This paper investigates the structural behavior of a proposed tri-arched system using 1:3 scale specimens. The long-term environmental effects are also studied in one of the specimens. The specimens experienced high flexibility and gradual failure. A finite element model was created to predict the behavior of the specimens. The validated model was used to determine the structural behavior of the system with 12 m span. The system was found to be safe under the loads of wind and roofing. This paper is a part of a continuous process of validation that aims to utilize date palm midribs in contemporary wide-span construction to match the spirit of the youth in rural communities.

Keywords

• date palm midribs
• wide-span construction
• vernacular architecture
• agricultural residues
• structural analysis
• validation