Acta Agronómica (Jan 2012)
Compactación potencial en dos suelos de la parte plana del Valle del Cauca Potential compaction in two soils of the flat portion of Valle del Cauca
Abstract
Muestras de los primeros 20 cm de la superficie de dos suelos en CIAT-Palmira (Calciustol y Haplustol, vérticos mezclados francos isohipertérmicos con pendiente 0.5%), utilizados en coberturas tanto de bosque secundario como de cultivos diversos por más de cincuenta años consecutivos, fueron compactados en el aparato de Richards bajo dos condiciones de humedad (0.1 y 0.5 bar) para comparar el punto de máxima compactación, y su influencia en la variación de la densidad aparente, la tasa de difusión de oxígeno, la porosidad de aireación, la conductividad hidráulica saturada y el módulo de ruptura. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial (dos suelos, por dos usos, por dos humedades) con tres repeticiones. Para la separación de medias se utilizó la prueba de Duncan (P Samples from the top 20 cm of two soils in CIAT Palmira (Calciustoll and Haplustoll both vertic mixed loamy isohipertermic 0.5% slope) used in both secondary forest cover and diverse crops for more than fifty consecutive years were compacted into the apparatus of Richards at two soil moisture contents (0.1 and 0.5 bar) to compare the point of maximum soil compaction and its influence in the soil bulk density changes, rate of oxygen diffusion, aeration porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity and rupture modulus. A complete randomized design with factorial arrangement was used which consisted of 2 soils x 2 uses x 2 soil moisture content x 3 repetitions and means separated by Duncan probe. The study showed that high soil content of O.M. do not always prevent soil degradation due to of agricultural machinery traffic at high soil moisture contents. Irrespective of soil use, siltier Calciustoll had a slightly more potential to compaction than Haplustol, and continued cultivation of the two soils has made them more susceptible to physical damage, because in wet condition compacted to the extreme and showing physical degradation which in practice may result from traffic on soils, and in moist state, compacted moderately.
