Biofortification of Kidney Bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) Crops Applying Zinc Sulfate and Ferric Sulfate: Pilot Crop in Colombia
Camilo Andrés Guerrero-Martin,
Angie Tatiana Ortega-Ramírez,
Óscar Silva-Marrufo,
Braian David Casallas-Martín,
Natalia Cortés-Salazar,
Raúl Salinas-Silva,
Stefanny Camacho-Galindo,
Fernando Antonio Da Silva Fernandes,
Laura Estefanía Guerrero-Martin,
Pedro Paulo de Freitas,
Emanuele D. V. Duarte
Affiliations
Camilo Andrés Guerrero-Martin
LOTEP—Laboratório de Operações e Tecnologias Energéticas Aplicadas na Indústria do Petróleo, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil
Angie Tatiana Ortega-Ramírez
Management, Environment and Sustainability Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Universidad de América, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Óscar Silva-Marrufo
Departament of Engineering, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico, Instituto Tecnológico del Valle del Guadiana, Carretera 34371, Durango, Mexico
Braian David Casallas-Martín
Management, Environment and Sustainability Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Universidad de América, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Natalia Cortés-Salazar
Management, Environment and Sustainability Research Group, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department, Universidad de América, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Raúl Salinas-Silva
Fundación de Educación Superior San José, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Stefanny Camacho-Galindo
Fundación de Educación Superior San José, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Fernando Antonio Da Silva Fernandes
Department of Engineering, Campus Salinópolis, Federal University of Pará, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil
Laura Estefanía Guerrero-Martin
LOTEP—Laboratório de Operações e Tecnologias Energéticas Aplicadas na Indústria do Petróleo, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil
Pedro Paulo de Freitas
LOTEP—Laboratório de Operações e Tecnologias Energéticas Aplicadas na Indústria do Petróleo, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil
Emanuele D. V. Duarte
LOTEP—Laboratório de Operações e Tecnologias Energéticas Aplicadas na Indústria do Petróleo, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil
Agriculture is one of the economic activities with the most potential in Colombia, given its climatic and geographical conditions. Bean cultivation is classified as climbing, which grows in a branched way, and bushy, whose growth occurs up to 70 cm. The objective of this research was to study zinc and iron sulfates in different concentrations as fertilizers capable of increasing the nutritional value of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), whose strategy is known as biofortification, and thus determine the most effective sulfate. The methodology details the sulfate formulations, their preparation, the application of additives, sampling and quantification methods of total iron, total zinc, °Brix, carotenoids, chlorophylls a, b, and antioxidant capacity using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method in leaves and pods. As for the results, it was found that biofortification with iron sulfate and zinc sulfate is a strategy that favors the country’s economy and human health, because it allows the increase of minerals, antioxidant capacity and total soluble solids.
