Penambahan Glutathione pada Medium Fertilisasi Efektif Mendukung Pembentukan Pronukleus dan Perkembangan Awal Embrio Sapi (SUPPLEMENTATION OF GLUTATHIONE IN FERTILIZATION MEDIUM EFFECTIVELY SUPPORT NORMAL PRONUCLEUS FORMATION AND EARLY BOVINE EMBRYONIC DE

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine fertilization rate effectiveness and early embryonic development competency with glutathione (GSH) supplementation in fertilization medium and culture This study consisted of two experiments comprising each of the four treatment and six repetitions with completely randomized design (CRD) using 651 oocytes. In the first experiment, a total of 317 bovine oocytes were matured in tissue culture medium (TCM) 199 at incubator 5% CO2 with temperature 39 ºC for24 h, then fertilized with sperm separated by swim up technique. Oocyte and sperms were incubated in fertilization medium supplemented with 0.25 mM, 0.50 mM, 1.00 mM GSH. In the second experiment, bovine oocytes were matured in maturation medium and fertilized with same procedure as mentioned before, then cultured in modified synthetic oviduct fluid (mSOF) with the following treatment: supplementation GSH only in fertilization medium (T1), supplementation GSH only in culture medium (T2), and supplementation GSH in both fertilization and culture medium (T3), while control not supplementation GSH (T0). Result of the first experiment showed that supplementation 1.00 mM GSH in fertilization medium can increase higher normal pronucleus (2PN) formation (86,9%) compared to other treatments, 0.50 mM (80.3%), 0.25 mM (73.8%), and control (58.9%) (P<0.05). In the second experiment showed that early bovine embryonic development on 2nd day cultured which reached 5-8 cell on treatment T1 (56.0%) and T3 (53.6%) were higher (P<0.05) compared to treatment T2 (26.2%) and T0 (control) (31.3%). Result of the other were showed that early bovine embryonic development on 4th day cultured which reached 9-16 cell on treatment T1 (26.2%) and T3 (27.4%) were higher (P<0.05) compared to that T2 (11.9%) and T0 (control) (10.8%). In conclusion, 1.00 mM GSH supplementation in medium was more effective in supporting normal pronucleus formation and early fertilization bovine embryonic development compared to in culture medium. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat fertilisasi dan kompetensi perkembangan awal embrio sapi dengan penambahan glutathione (GSH) pada medium fertilisasi in vitro (IVF) dan kultur in vitro (IVC). Penelitian ini terdiri atas dua penelitian yang terdiri dari masing-masing empat perlakukan dan enam kali ulangan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) menggunakan 651 oosit. Penelitian I, sebanyak 317 oosit sapi dalam tissue culture medium (TCM) 199 dimatangkan pada inkubator 5% CO2 dan suhu 39°C selama 24 jam, kemudian difertilisasi dengan spermatozoa yang telah diseleksi menggunakan teknik swim up. Oosit dan spermatozoa diinkubasi pada medium fertilisasi dengan penambahan 0,25 mM, 0,50 mM, dan 1,00 mM GSH. Penelitian II, sebanyak 334 oosit sapi dimatangkan pada medium pematangan dan difertilisasi, kemudian dikultur pada medium modified synthetic oviduct fluid (mSOF), dengan perlakuan: penambahan GSH hanya pada medium fertilisasi (T1), penambahan GSH hanya pada medium kultur (T2), dan kombinasi penambahan GSH pada medium fertilisasi dan kultur (T3). Hasil penelitian I, menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 1,00 mM GSH pada medium fertilisasi dapat meningkatkan pembentukan pronukleus normal (2PN) yang lebih tinggi (86,9%) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain yaitu 0,50 mM (80,3%), 0,25 mM (73,8%), dan kontrol (58,9%) (P<0,05). Penelitian II menujukkan bahwa perkembangan awal embrio sapi pada hari ke-2 kultur yang mencapai pembelahan 5-8 sel pada perlakukan T1 (56,0%) dan T3 (53,6%) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan T2 (26,2%) dan T0 (kontrol) (31,3%). Hasil penelitian lain menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan awal embrio sapi pada hari ke-4 kultur yang mencapai pembelahan 9-16 sel pada perlakuan T1 (26,2%) dan T3 (27,4%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakukan T2 (11,9%) dan T0 (kontrol) (10,8%) (P<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan 1,00 mM GSH pada medium fertilisasi lebih efektif dalam mendukung pembentukan pronukleus normal dan perkembangan awal embrio sapi dibandingkan pada medium kultur.