Digital model of biochemical reactions in lactic acid bacterial fermentation of simple glucose and biowaste substrates
Arman Arefi,
Barbara Sturm,
Majharulislam Babor,
Michael Horf,
Thomas Hoffmann,
Marina Höhne,
Kathleen Friedrich,
Linda Schroedter,
Joachim Venus,
Agata Olszewska-Widdrat
Affiliations
Arman Arefi
Department of Systems Process Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany; Corresponding author.
Barbara Sturm
Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany; Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Hinter der Reinhardtstr, Germany; Corresponding author. Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.
Majharulislam Babor
Department of Data Science in Bioeconomy, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Michael Horf
Department of Agromechatronics, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Thomas Hoffmann
Department of Systems Process Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Marina Höhne
Department of Data Science in Bioeconomy, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany; University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
Kathleen Friedrich
Department of Systems Process Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Linda Schroedter
Department of Microbiome Biotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Joachim Venus
Department of Microbiome Biotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
Agata Olszewska-Widdrat
Department of Microbiome Biotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
As concerns about the environmental impacts of biowaste disposal increase, lactic acid bacterial fermentation is becoming increasingly popular. Current academic research is aimed at the process optimization by developing digital bioreactors. The primary focus is to develop a digital model mimicking the biochemical reactions. In the light of this, this paper intended to build a digital model of biochemical reactions during the fermentation process of both glucose and biowaste substrates, including white pasta and organic municipal waste. For this purpose, near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy techniques were used to collect spectral information during the fermentation process. Next, the samples were analyzed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to measure their glucose, fructose, arabinose, xylose, disaccharide, lactic acid, and acetic acid contents. The results showed that learning algorithms trained on MIR spectra accurately estimated the biochemical reactions for both glucose and biowaste substrates. For the glucose substrate, the results showed R-squared of 0.97 and RMSE of 4.69 g/L for glucose, and R-squared of 0.98 and RMSE of 2.74 g/L for lactic acid. In the case of biowaste substrate, estimations included glucose (R-squared = 0.97, RMSE = 4.69 g/L), fructose (R-squared = 0.88, RMSE = 1.47 g/L), arabinose (R-squared = 0.98, RMSE = 0.55 g/L), xylose (R-squared = 0.93, RMSE = 1.11 g/L), disaccharide (R-squared = 0.90, RMSE = 0.55 g/L), total sugar (R-squared = 0.98, RMSE = 3.79 g/L), lactic acid (R-squared = 0.98, RMSE = 2.74 g/L), and acetic acid (R-squared = 0.97, RMSE = 0.36 g/L). Regarding NIR spectral data, the predictive models were accurate when the substrate was glucose, however, they failed to accurately estimate the chemical reactions in the case of biowaste substrate. The findings of this study can be used to fulfill the requirements for a continuous fermentation process with the objective of maximizing lactic acid production.
