Drug, Healthcare and Patient Safety (Jun 2024)
Therapeutic Potential of Treprostinil Inhalation Powder for Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Evidence to Date
Abstract
Steven J Cassady,1 Jose Alejandro N Almario,2 Gautam V Ramani3 1Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; 2Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; 3Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USACorrespondence: Steven J Cassady, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10S. Paca Street, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21211, USA, Tel +1 410 328 8141, Fax +1 410 328 0177, Email [email protected]: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and incurable disease for which pulmonary vasodilators remain the core therapy. Of the three primary pathways that vasodilators target, the prostacyclin pathway was the earliest to be used and currently has the largest number of modalities for drug delivery. Inhaled treprostinil has been introduced as a treatment option in PAH and, more recently, pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to interstitial lung disease (PH-ILD), and the earlier nebulized form has been joined by a dry powder form allowing for more convenient use. In this review, we discuss inhaled treprostinil, focusing on the dry powder inhalation (DPI) formulation, and explore its dosing, applications, and evidence to support patient tolerance and acceptance. Recent trials underpinning the evidence for use of inhaled treprostinil and the most recent developments concerning the drug are discussed. Finally, the review looks briefly into premarket formulations of inhaled treprostinil and relevant early studies suggesting efficacy in PAH treatment.Keywords: pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH, prostacyclin, pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease, PH-ILD, pharmacology
