The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
Search for 10–1000 GeV Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray Bursts with IceCube
- R. Abbasi,
- M. Ackermann,
- J. Adams,
- S. K. Agarwalla,
- J. A. Aguilar,
- M. Ahlers,
- J. M. Alameddine,
- N. M. Amin,
- K. Andeen,
- G. Anton,
- C. Argüelles,
- Y. Ashida,
- S. Athanasiadou,
- L. Ausborm,
- S. N. Axani,
- X. Bai,
- A. Balagopal V.,
- M. Baricevic,
- S. W. Barwick,
- V. Basu,
- R. Bay,
- J. J. Beatty,
- J. Becker Tjus,
- J. Beise,
- C. Bellenghi,
- C. Benning,
- S. BenZvi,
- D. Berley,
- E. Bernardini,
- D. Z. Besson,
- E. Blaufuss,
- S. Blot,
- F. Bontempo,
- J. Y. Book,
- C. Boscolo Meneguolo,
- S. Böser,
- O. Botner,
- J. Böttcher,
- J. Braun,
- B. Brinson,
- J. Brostean-Kaiser,
- L. Brusa,
- R. T. Burley,
- R. S. Busse,
- D. Butterfield,
- M. A. Campana,
- K. Carloni,
- E. G. Carnie-Bronca,
- S. Chattopadhyay,
- N. Chau,
- C. Chen,
- Z. Chen,
- D. Chirkin,
- S. Choi,
- B. A. Clark,
- A. Coleman,
- G. H. Collin,
- A. Connolly,
- J. M. Conrad,
- P. Coppin,
- P. Correa,
- D. F. Cowen,
- P. Dave,
- C. De Clercq,
- J. J. DeLaunay,
- D. Delgado,
- S. Deng,
- K. Deoskar,
- A. Desai,
- P. Desiati,
- K. D. de Vries,
- G. de Wasseige,
- T. DeYoung,
- A. Diaz,
- J. C. Díaz-Vélez,
- M. Dittmer,
- A. Domi,
- H. Dujmovic,
- M. A. DuVernois,
- T. Ehrhardt,
- A. Eimer,
- P. Eller,
- E. Ellinger,
- S. El Mentawi,
- D. Elsässer,
- R. Engel,
- H. Erpenbeck,
- J. Evans,
- P. A. Evenson,
- K. L. Fan,
- K. Fang,
- K. Farrag,
- A. R. Fazely,
- A. Fedynitch,
- N. Feigl,
- S. Fiedlschuster,
- C. Finley,
- L. Fischer,
- D. Fox,
- A. Franckowiak,
- P. Fürst,
- J. Gallagher,
- E. Ganster,
- A. Garcia,
- L. Gerhardt,
- A. Ghadimi,
- C. Glaser,
- T. Glauch,
- T. Glüsenkamp,
- J. G. Gonzalez,
- D. Grant,
- S. J. Gray,
- O. Gries,
- S. Griffin,
- S. Griswold,
- K. M. Groth,
- C. Günther,
- P. Gutjahr,
- C. Ha,
- C. Haack,
- A. Hallgren,
- R. Halliday,
- L. Halve,
- F. Halzen,
- H. Hamdaoui,
- M. Ha Minh,
- M. Handt,
- K. Hanson,
- J. Hardin,
- A. A. Harnisch,
- P. Hatch,
- A. Haungs,
- J. Häußler,
- K. Helbing,
- J. Hellrung,
- J. Hermannsgabner,
- L. Heuermann,
- N. Heyer,
- S. Hickford,
- A. Hidvegi,
- C. Hill,
- G. C. Hill,
- K. D. Hoffman,
- S. Hori,
- K. Hoshina,
- W. Hou,
- T. Huber,
- K. Hultqvist,
- M. Hünnefeld,
- R. Hussain,
- K. Hymon,
- S. In,
- A. Ishihara,
- M. Jacquart,
- O. Janik,
- M. Jansson,
- G. S. Japaridze,
- M. Jeong,
- M. Jin,
- B. J. P. Jones,
- N. Kamp,
- D. Kang,
- W. Kang,
- X. Kang,
- A. Kappes,
- D. Kappesser,
- L. Kardum,
- T. Karg,
- M. Karl,
- A. Karle,
- A. Katil,
- U. Katz,
- M. Kauer,
- J. L. Kelley,
- A. Khatee Zathul,
- A. Kheirandish,
- J. Kiryluk,
- S. R. Klein,
- A. Kochocki,
- R. Koirala,
- H. Kolanoski,
- T. Kontrimas,
- L. Köpke,
- C. Kopper,
- D. J. Koskinen,
- P. Koundal,
- M. Kovacevich,
- M. Kowalski,
- T. Kozynets,
- J. Krishnamoorthi,
- K. Kruiswijk,
- E. Krupczak,
- A. Kumar,
- E. Kun,
- N. Kurahashi,
- N. Lad,
- C. Lagunas Gualda,
- M. Lamoureux,
- M. J. Larson,
- S. Latseva,
- F. Lauber,
- J. P. Lazar,
- J. W. Lee,
- K. Leonard DeHolton,
- A. Leszczyńska,
- M. Lincetto,
- Y. Liu,
- M. Liubarska,
- E. Lohfink,
- C. Love,
- C. J. Lozano Mariscal,
- L. Lu,
- F. Lucarelli,
- W. Luszczak,
- Y. Lyu,
- J. Madsen,
- E. Magnus,
- K. B. M. Mahn,
- Y. Makino,
- E. Manao,
- S. Mancina,
- W. Marie Sainte,
- I. C. Mariş,
- S. Marka,
- Z. Marka,
- M. Marsee,
- I. Martinez-Soler,
- R. Maruyama,
- F. Mayhew,
- T. McElroy,
- F. McNally,
- J. V. Mead,
- K. Meagher,
- S. Mechbal,
- A. Medina,
- M. Meier,
- Y. Merckx,
- L. Merten,
- J. Micallef,
- J. Mitchell,
- T. Montaruli,
- R. W. Moore,
- Y. Morii,
- R. Morse,
- M. Moulai,
- T. Mukherjee,
- R. Naab,
- R. Nagai,
- M. Nakos,
- U. Naumann,
- J. Necker,
- A. Negi,
- M. Neumann,
- H. Niederhausen,
- M. U. Nisa,
- A. Noell,
- A. Novikov,
- S. C. Nowicki,
- A. Obertacke Pollmann,
- V. O’Dell,
- B. Oeyen,
- A. Olivas,
- R. Orsoe,
- J. Osborn,
- E. O’Sullivan,
- H. Pandya,
- N. Park,
- G. K. Parker,
- E. N. Paudel,
- L. Paul,
- C. Pérez de los Heros,
- J. Peterson,
- S. Philippen,
- A. Pizzuto,
- M. Plum,
- A. Pontén,
- Y. Popovych,
- M. Prado Rodriguez,
- B. Pries,
- R. Procter-Murphy,
- G. T. Przybylski,
- C. Raab,
- J. Rack-Helleis,
- K. Rawlins,
- Z. Rechav,
- A. Rehman,
- P. Reichherzer,
- E. Resconi,
- S. Reusch,
- W. Rhode,
- B. Riedel,
- A. Rifaie,
- E. J. Roberts,
- S. Robertson,
- S. Rodan,
- G. Roellinghoff,
- M. Rongen,
- A. Rosted,
- C. Rott,
- T. Ruhe,
- L. Ruohan,
- D. Ryckbosch,
- I. Safa,
- J. Saffer,
- D. Salazar-Gallegos,
- P. Sampathkumar,
- S. E. Sanchez Herrera,
- A. Sandrock,
- M. Santander,
- S. Sarkar,
- S. Sarkar,
- J. Savelberg,
- P. Savina,
- M. Schaufel,
- H. Schieler,
- S. Schindler,
- L. Schlickmann,
- B. Schlüter,
- F. Schlüter,
- N. Schmeisser,
- T. Schmidt,
- J. Schneider,
- F. G. Schröder,
- L. Schumacher,
- S. Sclafani,
- D. Seckel,
- M. Seikh,
- S. Seunarine,
- R. Shah,
- S. Shefali,
- N. Shimizu,
- C. Silva,
- M. Silva,
- B. Skrzypek,
- B. Smithers,
- R. Snihur,
- J. Soedingrekso,
- A. Søgaard,
- D. Soldin,
- P. Soldin,
- G. Sommani,
- C. Spannfellner,
- G. M. Spiczak,
- C. Spiering,
- M. Stamatikos,
- T. Stanev,
- T. Stezelberger,
- T. Stürwald,
- T. Stuttard,
- G. W. Sullivan,
- I. Taboada,
- S. Ter-Antonyan,
- M. Thiesmeyer,
- W. G. Thompson,
- J. Thwaites,
- S. Tilav,
- K. Tollefson,
- C. Tönnis,
- S. Toscano,
- D. Tosi,
- A. Trettin,
- C. F. Tung,
- R. Turcotte,
- J. P. Twagirayezu,
- M. A. Unland Elorrieta,
- A. K. Upadhyay,
- K. Upshaw,
- A. Vaidyanathan,
- N. Valtonen-Mattila,
- J. Vandenbroucke,
- N. van Eijndhoven,
- D. Vannerom,
- J. van Santen,
- J. Vara,
- J. Veitch-Michaelis,
- M. Venugopal,
- M. Vereecken,
- S. Verpoest,
- D. Veske,
- A. Vijai,
- C. Walck,
- Y. Wang,
- C. Weaver,
- P. Weigel,
- A. Weindl,
- J. Weldert,
- A. Y. Wen,
- C. Wendt,
- J. Werthebach,
- M. Weyrauch,
- N. Whitehorn,
- C. H. Wiebusch,
- D. R. Williams,
- L. Witthaus,
- A. Wolf,
- M. Wolf,
- G. Wrede,
- X. W. Xu,
- J. P. Yanez,
- E. Yildizci,
- S. Yoshida,
- R. Young,
- S. Yu,
- T. Yuan,
- Z. Zhang,
- P. Zhelnin,
- P. Zilberman,
- M. Zimmerman,
- IceCube Collaboration
Affiliations
- R. Abbasi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago , Chicago, IL 60660, USA
- M. Ackermann
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- J. Adams
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury , Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
- S. K. Agarwalla
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. A. Aguilar
- ORCiD
- Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- M. Ahlers
- ORCiD
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- J. M. Alameddine
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- N. M. Amin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- K. Andeen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Marquette University , Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- G. Anton
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- C. Argüelles
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Y. Ashida
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- S. Athanasiadou
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- L. Ausborm
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- S. N. Axani
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- X. Bai
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology , Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- A. Balagopal V.
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Baricevic
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. W. Barwick
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- V. Basu
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- R. Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- J. J. Beatty
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- J. Becker Tjus
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- J. Beise
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- C. Bellenghi
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- C. Benning
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- S. BenZvi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, USA
- D. Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- E. Bernardini
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Università Degli Studi di Padova , I-35122 Padova PD, Italy
- D. Z. Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- E. Blaufuss
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- S. Blot
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- F. Bontempo
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- J. Y. Book
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. Boscolo Meneguolo
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Università Degli Studi di Padova , I-35122 Padova PD, Italy
- S. Böser
- ORCiD
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- O. Botner
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- J. Böttcher
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- J. Braun
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- B. Brinson
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- J. Brostean-Kaiser
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- L. Brusa
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- R. T. Burley
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- R. S. Busse
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- D. Butterfield
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. A. Campana
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- K. Carloni
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- E. G. Carnie-Bronca
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- S. Chattopadhyay
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- N. Chau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- C. Chen
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Z. Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
- D. Chirkin
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- B. A. Clark
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- A. Coleman
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- G. H. Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. Connolly
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- J. M. Conrad
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- P. Coppin
- ORCiD
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- P. Correa
- ORCiD
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- D. F. Cowen
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA 16802, USA
- P. Dave
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- C. De Clercq
- ORCiD
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- J. J. DeLaunay
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- D. Delgado
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- S. Deng
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- K. Deoskar
- ORCiD
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- A. Desai
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- P. Desiati
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. D. de Vries
- ORCiD
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- G. de Wasseige
- ORCiD
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology—CP3, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- T. DeYoung
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- A. Diaz
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- J. C. Díaz-Vélez
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Dittmer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- A. Domi
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- H. Dujmovic
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. A. DuVernois
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- T. Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- A. Eimer
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- P. Eller
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- E. Ellinger
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- S. El Mentawi
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- D. Elsässer
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- R. Engel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- H. Erpenbeck
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. Evans
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- P. A. Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- K. L. Fan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- K. Fang
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. Farrag
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- A. R. Fazely
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Southern University , Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- A. Fedynitch
- ORCiD
- Institute of Physics , Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- N. Feigl
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- S. Fiedlschuster
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- C. Finley
- ORCiD
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- L. Fischer
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- D. Fox
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- A. Franckowiak
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- P. Fürst
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- J. Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- E. Ganster
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- A. Garcia
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- L. Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- A. Ghadimi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- C. Glaser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- T. Glauch
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- T. Glüsenkamp
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- J. G. Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- D. Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- S. J. Gray
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- O. Gries
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- S. Griffin
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Griswold
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, NY 14627, USA
- K. M. Groth
- ORCiD
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- C. Günther
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- P. Gutjahr
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- C. Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University , Seoul 06974, Korea
- C. Haack
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- A. Hallgren
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- R. Halliday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- L. Halve
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- F. Halzen
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- H. Hamdaoui
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
- M. Ha Minh
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- M. Handt
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- K. Hanson
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. Hardin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. A. Harnisch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- P. Hatch
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen’s University , Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- A. Haungs
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- J. Häußler
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- K. Helbing
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- J. Hellrung
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- J. Hermannsgabner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- L. Heuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- N. Heyer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- S. Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- A. Hidvegi
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- C. Hill
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- G. C. Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- K. D. Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- S. Hori
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. Hoshina
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- W. Hou
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- T. Huber
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- K. Hultqvist
- ORCiD
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- M. Hünnefeld
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- R. Hussain
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. Hymon
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- S. In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- A. Ishihara
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- M. Jacquart
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- O. Janik
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- M. Jansson
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- G. S. Japaridze
- ORCiD
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University , Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
- M. Jeong
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- M. Jin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- B. J. P. Jones
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- N. Kamp
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- D. Kang
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- W. Kang
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- X. Kang
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- A. Kappes
- ORCiD
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- D. Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- L. Kardum
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- T. Karg
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- M. Karl
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- A. Karle
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Katil
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- U. Katz
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- M. Kauer
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. L. Kelley
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Khatee Zathul
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Kheirandish
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nevada , Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; Nevada Center for Astrophysics, University of Nevada , Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
- J. Kiryluk
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
- S. R. Klein
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- A. Kochocki
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- R. Koirala
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- H. Kolanoski
- ORCiD
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- T. Kontrimas
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- L. Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- C. Kopper
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- D. J. Koskinen
- ORCiD
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- P. Koundal
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- M. Kovacevich
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- M. Kowalski
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany; Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- T. Kozynets
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- J. Krishnamoorthi
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. Kruiswijk
- ORCiD
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology—CP3, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- E. Krupczak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- A. Kumar
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- E. Kun
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- N. Kurahashi
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- N. Lad
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- C. Lagunas Gualda
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- M. Lamoureux
- ORCiD
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology—CP3, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- M. J. Larson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- S. Latseva
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- F. Lauber
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- J. P. Lazar
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. W. Lee
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- K. Leonard DeHolton
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA 16802, USA
- A. Leszczyńska
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- M. Lincetto
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Y. Liu
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA 16802, USA
- M. Liubarska
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- E. Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- C. Love
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- C. J. Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- L. Lu
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- F. Lucarelli
- ORCiD
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève , CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
- W. Luszczak
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Y. Lyu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- J. Madsen
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- E. Magnus
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- K. B. M. Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Y. Makino
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- E. Manao
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- S. Mancina
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Università Degli Studi di Padova , I-35122 Padova PD, Italy
- W. Marie Sainte
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- I. C. Mariş
- ORCiD
- Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- S. Marka
- Columbia Astrophysics and Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, USA
- Z. Marka
- Columbia Astrophysics and Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, USA
- M. Marsee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- I. Martinez-Soler
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- R. Maruyama
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Yale University , New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- F. Mayhew
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- T. McElroy
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- F. McNally
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Mercer University , Macon, GA 31207-0001, USA
- J. V. Mead
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- K. Meagher
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Mechbal
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- A. Medina
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- M. Meier
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Y. Merckx
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- L. Merten
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- J. Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- J. Mitchell
- Department of Physics, Southern University , Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- T. Montaruli
- ORCiD
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève , CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
- R. W. Moore
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- Y. Morii
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- R. Morse
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Moulai
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- T. Mukherjee
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- R. Naab
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- R. Nagai
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- M. Nakos
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- U. Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- J. Necker
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- A. Negi
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- M. Neumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- H. Niederhausen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- M. U. Nisa
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- A. Noell
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- A. Novikov
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- S. C. Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- A. Obertacke Pollmann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- V. O’Dell
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- B. Oeyen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent , B-9000 Gent, Belgium
- A. Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- R. Orsoe
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- J. Osborn
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- E. O’Sullivan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- H. Pandya
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- N. Park
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen’s University , Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- G. K. Parker
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- E. N. Paudel
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- L. Paul
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology , Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- C. Pérez de los Heros
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- J. Peterson
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Philippen
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- A. Pizzuto
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Plum
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology , Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- A. Pontén
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Y. Popovych
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- M. Prado Rodriguez
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- B. Pries
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- R. Procter-Murphy
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- G. T. Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- C. Raab
- ORCiD
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology—CP3, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- J. Rack-Helleis
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz , Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- K. Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage , 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Z. Rechav
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Rehman
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- P. Reichherzer
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- E. Resconi
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- S. Reusch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- W. Rhode
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- B. Riedel
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Rifaie
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- E. J. Roberts
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- S. Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- S. Rodan
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- G. Roellinghoff
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- M. Rongen
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- A. Rosted
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- C. Rott
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- T. Ruhe
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- L. Ruohan
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- D. Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent , B-9000 Gent, Belgium
- I. Safa
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Saffer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- D. Salazar-Gallegos
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- P. Sampathkumar
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- S. E. Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- A. Sandrock
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- M. Santander
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- S. Sarkar
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- S. Sarkar
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
- J. Savelberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- P. Savina
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Schaufel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- H. Schieler
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- S. Schindler
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- L. Schlickmann
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- B. Schlüter
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- F. Schlüter
- ORCiD
- Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- N. Schmeisser
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- T. Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- J. Schneider
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- F. G. Schröder
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- L. Schumacher
- ORCiD
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- S. Sclafani
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- D. Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- M. Seikh
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- S. Seunarine
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin , River Falls, WI 54022, USA
- R. Shah
- Department of Physics, Drexel University , 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- S. Shefali
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- N. Shimizu
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- C. Silva
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- M. Silva
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- B. Skrzypek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- B. Smithers
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington , 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- R. Snihur
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. Soedingrekso
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- A. Søgaard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- D. Soldin
- ORCiD
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- P. Soldin
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- G. Sommani
- ORCiD
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- C. Spannfellner
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- G. M. Spiczak
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin , River Falls, WI 54022, USA
- C. Spiering
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- M. Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- T. Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- T. Stezelberger
- ORCiD
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- T. Stürwald
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal , D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- T. Stuttard
- ORCiD
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- G. W. Sullivan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- I. Taboada
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- S. Ter-Antonyan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Southern University , Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- M. Thiesmeyer
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- W. G. Thompson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Thwaites
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- K. Tollefson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- C. Tönnis
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- S. Toscano
- ORCiD
- Université Libre de Bruxelles , Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- D. Tosi
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- A. Trettin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- C. F. Tung
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- R. Turcotte
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- J. P. Twagirayezu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- M. A. Unland Elorrieta
- ORCiD
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- A. K. Upadhyay
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- K. Upshaw
- Department of Physics, Southern University , Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- A. Vaidyanathan
- Department of Physics, Marquette University , Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- N. Valtonen-Mattila
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- J. Vandenbroucke
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- N. van Eijndhoven
- ORCiD
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- D. Vannerom
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- J. van Santen
- ORCiD
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- J. Vara
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
- J. Veitch-Michaelis
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Venugopal
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- M. Vereecken
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology—CP3, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- S. Verpoest
- ORCiD
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware , Newark, DE 19716, USA
- D. Veske
- Columbia Astrophysics and Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027, USA
- A. Vijai
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- C. Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University , SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Y. Wang
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA 16802, USA
- C. Weaver
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- P. Weigel
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- A. Weindl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- J. Weldert
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA 16802, USA
- A. Y. Wen
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. Wendt
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- J. Werthebach
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- M. Weyrauch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics , D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- N. Whitehorn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- C. H. Wiebusch
- ORCiD
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- D. R. Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- L. Witthaus
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University , D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- A. Wolf
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University , D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- M. Wolf
- ORCiD
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München , D-85748 Garching, Germany
- G. Wrede
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- X. W. Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University , Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- J. P. Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- E. Yildizci
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- S. Yoshida
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and The International Center for Hadron Astrophysics, Chiba University , Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- R. Young
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas , Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- S. Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- T. Yuan
- ORCiD
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Z. Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
- P. Zhelnin
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University , Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- P. Zilberman
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- M. Zimmerman
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison , Madison, WI 53706, USA
- IceCube Collaboration
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin , River Falls, WI 54022, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad220b
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 964,
no. 2
p. 126
Abstract
We present the results of a search for 10–1000 GeV neutrinos from 2268 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) over 8 yr of IceCube-DeepCore data. This work probes burst physics below the photosphere where electromagnetic radiation cannot escape. Neutrinos of tens of giga electronvolts are predicted in sub-photospheric collision of free-streaming neutrons with bulk-jet protons. In a first analysis, we searched for the most significant neutrino-GRB coincidence using six overlapping time windows centered on the prompt phase of each GRB. In a second analysis, we conducted a search for a group of GRBs, each individually too weak to be detectable, but potentially significant when combined. No evidence of neutrino emission is found for either analysis. The most significant neutrino coincidence is for Fermi-GBM GRB bn 140807500, with a p -value of 0.097 corrected for all trials. The binomial test used to search for a group of GRBs had a p -value of 0.65 after all trial corrections. The binomial test found a group consisting only of GRB bn 140807500 and no additional GRBs. The neutrino limits of this work complement those obtained by IceCube at tera electronvolt to peta electronvolt energies. We compare our findings for the large set of GRBs as well as GRB 221009A to the sub-photospheric neutron-proton collision model and find that GRB 221009A provides the most constraining limit on baryon loading. For a jet Lorentz factor of 300 (800), the baryon loading on GRB 221009A is lower than 3.85 (2.13) at a 90% confidence level.
Keywords
