Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Extract from Flowers of <i>Rosa damascena</i> from Morocco
Mounia Chroho,
Aziz Bouymajane,
Yassine Oulad El Majdoub,
Francesco Cacciola,
Luigi Mondello,
Mustapha Aazza,
Touriya Zair,
Latifa Bouissane
Affiliations
Mounia Chroho
Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, BP 523, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
Aziz Bouymajane
Team of Microbiology and Health, Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Yassine Oulad El Majdoub
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
Francesco Cacciola
Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Luigi Mondello
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
Mustapha Aazza
Laboratory of Chemistry-Biology Applied to the Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Touriya Zair
Research Team Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnologies of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, BP 11201, Meknes 50070, Morocco
Latifa Bouissane
Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, BP 523, Beni-Mellal 23000, Morocco
Rosa damascena is referred to as the queen of roses due to its ornamental, flavoring, and perfuming uses, along with its recognized use in therapy. This study aimed to investigate the total phenols and flavonoids contents, the phenolic compounds, and study the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the hydroethanolic extract from Rosa damascena flowers, collected from the Middle Atlas of Morocco (Khenifra). The total phenols and flavonoids were assessed using gallic acid and quercetin as standards, and the phenolic compounds were characterized using HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by two methods, namely ferric reducing assay power and total antioxidant capacity. The broth microdilution method was employed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of extract against four bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes). Up to 16 phenolic compounds belonging to tannins and flavonoids were positively identified in the Rosa damascena extract. The latter displayed high antioxidant activity and exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against Escherichia coli and a bactericidal effect against Salmonella typhimuriumn, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. As a result, the flowers of Rosa damascena might be employed as natural agents in the pharmaceutical field.
