Relationship Between Myocardial Strain and Extracellular Volume: Exploratory Study in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Photon-Counting Detector CT

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Diffuse myocardial fibrosis and altered deformation are relevant prognostic factors in aortic stenosis (AS) patients. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the relationship between myocardial strain, and myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) in patients with severe AS with a photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT. Methods: We retrospectively included 77 patients with severe AS undergoing PCD-CT imaging for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) planning between January 2022 and May 2024 with a protocol including a non-contrast cardiac scan, an ECG-gated helical coronary CT angiography (CCTA), and a cardiac late enhancement scan. Myocardial strain was assessed with feature tracking from CCTA and ECV was calculated from spectral cardiac late enhancement scans. Results: Patients with cardiac amyloidosis (n = 4) exhibited significantly higher median mid-myocardial ECV (48.2% versus 25.5%, p = 0.048) but no significant differences in strain values (p > 0.05). Patients with prior myocardial infarction (n = 6) had reduced median global longitudinal strain values (−9.1% versus −21.7%, p p > 0.05). Significant correlations were identified between the global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strains and the CT-derived left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) (all, p p p = 0.02). Conclusions: In patients undergoing PCD-CT for TAVR planning, ECV and GLS may enable us to detect patients with cardiac amyloidosis and reduced myocardial contractility

Keywords

• photon-counting detector CT
• myocardial strain
• myocardial extracellular volume
• aortic stenosis
• transcatheter aortic valve replacement