Wound-healing potential of grandiflorenic acid isolated from Wedelia trilobata (L.) leaves

Abstract

The ethyl acetate fraction from ethanolic extract of Wedelia trilobata (L.) leaves displayed wound healing properties.The ethyl acetate fraction was further subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation which afforded isolation of grandiflorenicacid which requires further investigation to prove its wound healing potential. The grandiflorenic acid from leaves of Wedeliatrilobata was assessed for its possible activity on BJ human fibroblast and HaCaT keratinocytes proliferation, and effect onin vitro scratch assay, collagen content, TGF-2 levels, and nitric oxide, TNF- and IL-1 determination using Raw 264.7cells. Grandiflorenic acid (2.5µg/mL) produced percentage viability of BJ human fibroblast, and HaCaT keratinocytes 116, and106% respectively. Grandiflorenic acid (2.5 µg/mL) induced a 100% migration rate in the in vitro scratch assay and thecollagen content was increased to 171.2 µg/mL compared to the control (61.1µg/mL) with BJ human fibroblast. Grandiflorenicacid (2.5µg/mL) neither produced any significant increase in TGF-2 levels of HaCaT keratinocytes cells nor inducedmigration of HaCaT cells in the in vitro scratch assay. The present study provides scientific evidence that grandiflorenic acidhas potential wound healing activity due to combination of fibroblast stimulation and inhibiting prolonging inflammatoryphase of wound healing evident by reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines from macrophage Raw 264.7 cells.

Keywords

• Wedelia trilobata
• grandiflorenic acid
• BJ human fibroblast
• Raw cells 264.7
• Keratinocytes HaCaT